Crataegus pruinosa |
Crataegus egens |
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frosted hawthorn, waxyfruit hawthorn |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees, dense, often suberect, 20–70 dm. | Shrubs or trees, to 50 dm, branches strongly weeping (moving in slight wind). | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | compound thorns on trunks present; twigs: new growth reddish brown, 1-year old dull purple-brown, 2-years old dull gray, older paler; thorns on twigs straight to slightly recurved, 2-years old deep purple to shiny black, usually ± fine, 3–5 cm. |
plants seldom flowering at less than 1 m; twigs: new growth white-canescent, 1-year old purple-brown, older darker or grayer, slender; thorns on twigs sometimes absent, straight or slightly recurved, 1–2-years old blackish to deep gray, fine, 1–2 cm. |
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Leaves | petiole length 50–66% blade, sparsely glandular; blade trullate to ovate, ovate-oblong, or broadly rhombic, rarely ± deltate, 2–6(–7) cm, subcoriaceous, base broadly cuneate to subtruncate to weakly subcordate, lobes (1–)3 or 4 per side, sinuses shallow to deeper, lobe apex acute, sometimes ± obtuse, margins serrate, veins 5 or 6 per side (except smaller leaves), apex acute, surfaces glabrous (except var. virella). |
petiole very slender, length 25–50% blade, winged distally, pubescent, glandular; blade short obtrullate to broadly obovate, 1–2(–3) cm (widest in distal 1/2, length-width mostly less than 1.4:1), thin, base cuneate to slightly rounded, lobes 1 or 2 per side distally, short, lobe apex usually subacute, margins obscurely crenate, sometimes crenate-serrate in distal 1/2, teeth glandular, veins 1 or 2 per side (exiting at or beyond at widest part), apex subacute, not glossy, surfaces sparsely hairy young, abaxial surface soon glabrate except on veins. |
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Inflorescences | 5–10-flowered; branches glabrous, sometimes sparsely villous; bracteoles caducous, usually few, margins short-stipitate-glandular. |
1- or 2-flowered; branches densely appressed white-pubescent; bracteoles few, linear, margins sessile-glandular, adaxially thin short-pubescent. |
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Flowers | 15–25 mm diam.; sepals narrowly triangular, 5–6 mm, margins usually entire or subentire, rarely glandular-serrate, abaxially glabrous; stamens (10 or)20, anthers pale pink to bright rose or dull purple, sometimes cream, 0.6–0.8 mm; styles 3–5. |
12–16 mm diam.; hypanthium white-tomentose; sepals triangular, 2–3 mm, margins glandular, abaxially pubescent; anthers ivory; styles 3. |
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Pomes | greenish with pink or mauve areas, sometimes bright crimson or scarlet, often rather angular, 10–20 mm diam., highly pruinose, not punctate; flesh hard; sepals on collar, spreading; pyrenes 3–5. |
deep, dull yellow, sometimes with red cheek, suborbicular, 8–10 mm diam., glabrous; sepals appressed, sometimes late circumscissile; pyrenes 3. |
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Crataegus pruinosa |
Crataegus egens |
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Phenology | Flowering late Feb–early Apr; fruiting Jul–Aug. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Pine barrens, brush, usually on sandy soil | |||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 10–100 m (0–300 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AR; CT; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
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AL; FL; GA; SC |
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Discussion | Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). Crataegus pruinosa extends from Arkansas to Wisconsin, through the southern Great Lakes to southern New England, and, in the south, mainly in the Appalachians to northern Georgia. In the north of its range, Crataegus pruinosa is mainly a shrub of open successional habitats but in the south may commonly be a taller tree of open or thin woodlands. Many hawthorns have a little waxy bloom on their pomes; it is particularly prominent on Crataegus pruinosa and C. cognata compared to others. Some authors include in C. pruinosa their white-anthered counterparts, here assigned to C. cognata. Whereas C. pruinosa characteristically has entire or subentire sepal margins, some forms in the southwest of the range of the species (for example, C. calliantha Sargent, C. seducta Sargent) may have glandular-serrate sepal margins. They may represent introgression with C. coccinioides. The varieties of C. pruinosa are weakly differentiated from each other, most of them on leaf shape and size characters. The more widespread varieties constitute a range of morphotypes held together by common traits. Crataegus gaudens Sargent is a strikingly distinct form from Pennsylvania that has more or less elliptic leaves with lobes absent; it is clearly related to C. pruinosa. Note that 159. Crataegus ×coleae, a Michigan endemic, will key out here if its laterally scarred pyrenes are missed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crataegus egens is locally common in north-central Florida and Georgia with outliers occurring in Clark and Henry counties, Alabama, and Jasper County, South Carolina. The long-petiolate leaves of Crataegus egens are very small and short-obtrullate to broadly obovate, thus proportionally wide. There is some variation in leaf lobing from acute to obtuse and even obscure. An additional characteristic of this species is the way in which extension-shoot leaves may flare outward toward the apex, their obtuse and large terminal end being quite deeply and somewhat irregularly lobed. Specimens with more elongated (1.4–1.6:1) leaves but more or less typically shaped distal ends may be referred to C. cirrata Beadle and are somewhat intermediate with C. floridana. Similar forms with leaves obovate-cuneate, lobes virtually absent, very obtuse and strongly crenate terminally but of uncertain taxonomic status, may key here. Uncommon short specimens of C. egens may be distinguished from C. lepida by leaves of that species being coriaceous and shiny with lobes almost or entirely absent. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 574. | FNA vol. 9, p. 622. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Pruinosae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Lacrimatae | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Mespilus pruinosa | C. quaesita var. egens | ||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (H. L. Wendland) K. Koch: Hort. Dendrol., 168. (1853) | Beadle: Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1: 85. (1902) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |