Flora of North America species comparison

3-year old twigs shiny, deep reddish brown, older dark gray;

thorns on twigs ± straight, 2–5 cm.

twigs: new growth glabrous, 1-year old pale brown, older gray;

thorns on twigs often ± recurved, 2-years old dark gray to blackish, ± stout, 3–6 cm.

petiole slender, sometimes both abaxially and adaxially short rusty-tomentose, eglandular;

blade broadly to narrowly deltate, 3–6 cm, base truncate to rarely cuneate or cordate, sometimes very shallowly so, lobes palmately or pinnately 2(or 3) per side, margins serrulate, veins 6 or 7(or 8) per side (to sinuses), apex acute, surfaces glabrous.

petiole obsolescent or 5 mm, length 0–7% blade, glabrous, eglandular;

blade usually deep green, very shiny adaxially, broadly spatulate to narrowly oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 2–7 cm, coriaceous, base tapered, lobes 0, margins serrulate to finely crenate, teeth 1 mm, venation semicamptodromous, veins 4–7 per side, apex acute to obtuse, adaxial surface glabrous, sometimes sparsely hairy young, glabrescent.

15–30-flowered, flowers strong-smelling;

branches glabrous;

bracteole margins stipitate-glandular.

8–20-flowered;

branches usually glabrous;

bracteoles linear, small, margins sessile-glandular.

10–12 mm diam.;

hypanthium glabrous;

sepals 2 mm;

stamens 20, anthers ivory;

styles 3(or 4).

12–17 mm diam.;

hypanthium glabrous;

sepals 5–6 mm, margins ± entire, adaxially glabrous;

stamens 10 or 20, anthers ivory to pink to red;

styles 1 or 2(or 3).

usually ruddy to crimson, sometimes bright yellow, ± oblong to suborbicular, 8–15 mm diam., often pruinose, glabrous;

sepals patent-reflexed;

pyrenes 1 or 2(or 3).

= 51, 68.

= 34, 51, 68.