FNA: Crataegus monogyna vs. Crataegus incilis

	Crataegus monogyna	Crataegus incilis
	aubépine monogyne, common hawthorn, English hawthorn, hawthorn, one-seed hawthorn, singleseed hawthorn
Habit		Shrubs or trees, 40–70 dm.
Stems		twigs: new growth reddish green, 1-year old dark red brown, 2-years old dark gray; thorns on twigs ± straight, 2-years old dark brown to blackish, fine, 1.5–3 cm.
Leaves		petiole length 40–55% blade, sparsely to densely sessile-glandular; blade trullate to narrowly ovate, 3.5–5.5(–7.5) cm, base cuneate (tapering into distal winged part of petiole), lobes 3 or 4 per side, sinuses deep, max LII 25–50%, lobe apex usually ± narrowly cuspidate, margins dentate, teeth ± distant, subacute, veins 5–7 per side, apex subacute, vein pubescence not recorded.
Inflorescences		3–7-flowered; branches glabrous; bracteoles caducous, numerous, linear, membranous, margins glandular.
Flowers		14–18 mm diam.; sepals narrowly triangular, 7 mm, margins subentire or glandular-denticulate; anthers pink; styles 3–5.
Pomes		red or yellow, orbicular, 5–8(–10) mm diam.; sepals wide-spreading; pyrenes 3–5.

	Crataegus monogyna	Crataegus incilis
Phenology		Flowering Apr; fruiting Sep–Oct.
Habitat		Open woods, woodland margins
Elevation		20–200 m (100–700 ft)
Distribution	CA; CO; CT; DE; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; VT; WA; WI; BC; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe; w Asia; n Africa [Introduced also in South America, s Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia] [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	AL; FL; GA; MS
Discussion	Varieties 2 (1 in the flora). Crataegus monogyna was introduced early to North America to be used for agricultural hedges, a practice now discontinued on this continent. Cultivar 'Crimson Cloud,' often under an incorrect species name, is widely cultivated as an ornamental. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	The deeply cut trullate leaves of Crataegus incilis, with the acute tips of their triangular lobes in a more or less straight line in the more extreme forms, are very distinctive. The type, and most specimens seen, do not have quite straight-sided lobes as seen in the illustration in J. B. Phipps and K. A. Dvorsky (2006b), and their lobes may therefore be described as more or less narrowly cuspidate. Forms with somewhat more rounded lobes and yellow pomes that might key out here perhaps represent C. concinna Beadle. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 9, p. 497.	FNA vol. 9, p. 585.
Parent taxa	Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Crataegus > ser. Crataegus	Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Pulcherrimae
Sibling taxa	C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. castlegarensis, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinea, C. coccinioides, C. cognata, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. floridana, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. holmesiana, C. ignava, C. incilis, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivularis, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. shuswapensis, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae	C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. castlegarensis, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinea, C. coccinioides, C. cognata, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. floridana, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. holmesiana, C. ignava, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. monogyna, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivularis, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. shuswapensis, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae
Subordinate taxa	C. monogyna var. monogyna
Synonyms		C. pulcherrima var. incilis
Name authority	Jacquin: Fl. Austriac. 3: 50, plate 292, fig. 1. (1775)	Beadle: Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1: 41. (1901)
Web links	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, Go Botany, IL Wildflowers, MI Flora, MN Wildflowers, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Crataegus incilis

aubépine monogyne, common hawthorn, English hawthorn, hawthorn, one-seed hawthorn, singleseed hawthorn

Habit

Shrubs or trees, 40–70 dm.

Stems

twigs: new growth reddish green, 1-year old dark red brown, 2-years old dark gray;

thorns on twigs ± straight, 2-years old dark brown to blackish, fine, 1.5–3 cm.

Leaves

petiole length 40–55% blade, sparsely to densely sessile-glandular;

blade trullate to narrowly ovate, 3.5–5.5(–7.5) cm, base cuneate (tapering into distal winged part of petiole), lobes 3 or 4 per side, sinuses deep, max LII 25–50%, lobe apex usually ± narrowly cuspidate, margins dentate, teeth ± distant, subacute, veins 5–7 per side, apex subacute, vein pubescence not recorded.

Inflorescences

3–7-flowered;

branches glabrous;

bracteoles caducous, numerous, linear, membranous, margins glandular.

Flowers

14–18 mm diam.;

sepals narrowly triangular, 7 mm, margins subentire or glandular-denticulate;

anthers pink;

styles 3–5.

Pomes

red or yellow, orbicular, 5–8(–10) mm diam.;

sepals wide-spreading;

pyrenes 3–5.

Crataegus monogyna

Crataegus incilis

Phenology

Flowering Apr; fruiting Sep–Oct.

Habitat

Open woods, woodland margins

Elevation

20–200 m (100–700 ft)

Distribution

CA; CO; CT; DE; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; VT; WA; WI; BC; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe; w Asia; n Africa [Introduced also in South America, s Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia]

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

AL; FL; GA; MS

Discussion

Varieties 2 (1 in the flora).

Crataegus monogyna was introduced early to North America to be used for agricultural hedges, a practice now discontinued on this continent.

Cultivar 'Crimson Cloud,' often under an incorrect species name, is widely cultivated as an ornamental.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The deeply cut trullate leaves of Crataegus incilis, with the acute tips of their triangular lobes in a more or less straight line in the more extreme forms, are very distinctive. The type, and most specimens seen, do not have quite straight-sided lobes as seen in the illustration in J. B. Phipps and K. A. Dvorsky (2006b), and their lobes may therefore be described as more or less narrowly cuspidate. Forms with somewhat more rounded lobes and yellow pomes that might key out here perhaps represent C. concinna Beadle.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 9, p. 497.

FNA vol. 9, p. 585.

Parent taxa

Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Crataegus > ser. Crataegus

Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Pulcherrimae

Sibling taxa

C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. castlegarensis, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinea, C. coccinioides, C. cognata, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. floridana, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. holmesiana, C. ignava, C. incilis, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivularis, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. shuswapensis, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae

C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. castlegarensis, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinea, C. coccinioides, C. cognata, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. floridana, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. holmesiana, C. ignava, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. monogyna, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivularis, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. shuswapensis, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae

Subordinate taxa

C. monogyna var. monogyna

Synonyms

C. pulcherrima var. incilis

Name authority

Jacquin: Fl. Austriac. 3: 50, plate 292, fig. 1. (1775)

Beadle: Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1: 41. (1901)

Web links

Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA
Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, Go Botany, IL Wildflowers, MI Flora, MN Wildflowers, PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist (observations)
USDA Plants Database
LBJ Wildflower Center
SEINet
Plants of the World Online
Encyclopedia of Life
Wikipedia
Google Image Search

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America, OregonFlora, UW Burke Herbarium

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Crataegus monogyna

Crataegus incilis

Crataegus monogyna

Crataegus incilis