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aubépine de Holmes, Holmes' hawthorn
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shuswap hawthorn
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| Shrubs or trees, 40–70(–100) dm, single-trunked. |
Shrubs, 55 dm. |
twigs: new growth greenish to reddish, glabrous or pubescent; thorns on twigs recurved, often slender, 3–6 cm. |
1-year old twigs tan to deep brown; thorns on twigs straight or slightly recurved, very dark brown young, 2–3 cm. |
petiole length 30–35% blade, glabrate to densely hairy, often sparsely glandular; blade ± narrowly ovate, 6–9 cm, base cuneate or ± rounded, lobe apex acuminate, margins serrate or doubly serrate, teeth 2 mm, adaxial usually densely scabrous-pubescent young. |
petiole 1.5–2.2 cm, pubescent, sparsely gland-dotted; blade rhombic, 5–7 cm, lobes 4 per side, sinuses deep, lobe apex acute, margins remotely serrate, venation craspedodromous, veins 4 or 5 per side, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial sparsely appressed-pubescent. |
branches usually pubescent, rarely glabrous or tomentose. |
12–18-flowered; branches glabrous; bracteole margins glandular. |
hypanthium usually pubescent; stamens 5–8(–10), anthers pink to rose-purple, sometimes crimson. |
15 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals triangular, 4–5 mm, margins minutely glandular; stamens 10–18, anthers pale to bright pink or puce; styles 3 or 4. |
bright to deep red, ellipsoid to broadly pyriform, 12–14 mm, usually glabrous; sepals wide-spreading or erose. |
brick red young, deep purple mature, somewhat glaucous, suborbicular to ± broadly ellipsoid, 12 mm diam., glabrous; sepals remnants patent-recurved, apex acute; pyrenes (3 or)4, sides plane to ± concave, grooved, or irregularly scarred. |
= 34, 51. |
= 68. |
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| Flowering May; fruiting Sep–Oct. |
Flowering May; fruiting Sep–Oct. |
| Woodland edges, old pastures, fencerows |
Thickets, natural hedgerows, shade of riverine Populus |
| 10–300 m (0–1000 ft) |
300–500 m (1000–1600 ft) |
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CT; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NY; OH; PA; RI; VT; WI; ON; QC
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BC |
Crataegus holmesiana ranges from Wisconsin and Illinois through the southern Great Lakes region to southern Quebec and Maine, and to Pennsylvania; it is common in much of its range and should be expected in West Virginia. In its usual form, Crataegus holmesiana is readily distinguished from C. coccinea vars. coccinea and pringlei, though occasional intermediates occur. Crataegus robesoniana Sargent [C. pedicellata var. robesoniana (Sargent) E. J. Palmer] is one and perhaps C. amicta Ashe [C. holmesiana var. amicta (Ashe) E. J. Palmer] is another. Crataegus holmesiana is routinely interpreted as a typical member of ser. Coccineae, thus, a villous inflorescence taxon with serrate sepals. However, the protologue by Ashe (authentic material not located) states that the inflorescences are glabrous and the sepals are nearly entire, causing confusion with C. tenuifolia Britton (ser. Tenuifoliae). Current usage for C. holmesiana became fixed after Ashe erected a var. villosa with serrate sepals and villous inflorescences. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Crataegus shuswapensis is locally common near Enderby in the northern Okanagan and southwestern Shuswap drainage. Flowering plants from Lake County, Montana, are indistinguishable; fruiting plants from these populations have not been collected. Crataegus shuswapensis is a distinctive member of ser. Douglasianae in the Okanagan because of its relatively long, stout thorns, large, wide, rhombic, and deeply and sharply incised leaf blades, pink, sometimes puce anthers, somewhat low style and pyrene numbers, and fairly large for the series, suborbicular to broadly ellipsoid purple fruit. Also, this species has a greater frequency of plane-sided pyrenes than has been noted in C. douglasii. Crataegus shuswapensis is unusual in the genus for its unstable stamen number; in its other characteristics, it is more uniform. The majority of specimens that have been assigned to this species have about ten stamens; these are not dissimilar to an extreme form of C. douglasii that is locally common in northwest Montana and has been noted occasionally elsewhere. This latter variant of C. shuswapensis may be a single apomictic race. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
| FNA vol. 9, p. 560. |
FNA vol. 9, p. 514. |
| Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Coccineae |
Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Douglasia > ser. Douglasianae |
C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. castlegarensis, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinea, C. coccinioides, C. cognata, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. floridana, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. ignava, C. incilis, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. monogyna, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivularis, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. shuswapensis, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae |
C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. castlegarensis, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinea, C. coccinioides, C. cognata, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. floridana, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. holmesiana, C. ignava, C. incilis, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. monogyna, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivularis, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae |
| C. anomala, C. eamesii, C. elongata, C. holmesiana var. villipes, C. pura, C. sertata, C. tardipes |
|
| Ashe: J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 16: 78. (1900) |
J. B. Phipps & O’Kennon: Sida 20: 128, fig. 5. (2002) |
| |
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