Crataegus flabellata |
Crataegus brainerdii |
|
---|---|---|
aubépine flabelliforme, fan-leaf hawthorn |
aubépine de Brainerd, Brainerd hawthorn, Brainerd's hawthorn |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees, 40–50 dm. | Shrubs or trees, 40–50 dm. |
Stems | twigs: new growth reddish at first, usually sparsely pubescent, 1-year old deep chestnut brown, older dull gray; thorns on twigs 1-year old shiny, dark brown, stout to slender, 4–6 cm. |
twigs: new growth green, glabrous, 1–2-years old shiny, dark brown, older dark gray; thorns on twigs at 1-year old very dark, shiny, stout, 3–4.5 cm. |
Leaves | petiole 1–2 mm wide, length 40–50% blade, glandular; blade glossy, dark green, broadly elliptic to ovate, 4–7 cm, base cuneate to slightly rounded, lobes 4 or 5 per side, sinuses deep, lobe apex acuminate, margins sharply serrate, teeth gland-tipped, veins 5 or 6 per side, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrous except along veins, adaxial densely appressed-scabrous young, glabrescent. |
petiole length 40% blade, glabrous, glandular; blade ovate to narrowly ovate, 4–7 cm, base cuneate to rounded, lobes 3 or 4 per side, margins serrate, teeth numerous, sharp, fine, gland-tipped, especially near base, veins 5 or 6 per side (even young), apex acute, abaxial surface glabrous except for tufts in vein axils, adaxial glabrate. |
Inflorescences | 5–10-flowered; branches villous; bracteole frequency not recorded, linear. |
7–12-flowered; branches glabrous; bracteoles absent or few at anthesis. |
Flowers | 13–17 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous or villous at base; sepals 4–5 mm, margins entire, glandular to glandular-serrate, rarely nearly eglandular, apex acute, abaxial pubescence not recorded; stamens 5–10 or 20, anthers usually pink; styles 3–5. |
15–18 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals narrowly triangular, margins glandular-serrate; stamens 20, anthers pink to red; styles 2 or 3(–5). |
Pomes | crimson, ± ellipsoid, 8–10 mm diam., sometimes ± pruinose; sepals spreading or usually erose, not or obscurely elevated; pyrenes 3–5, dorsally deeply grooved. |
reddish, ± oblong-orbicular, 8–9 mm diam., glabrous; sepals ± sessile; pyrenes 2 or 3, sides erose. |
2n | = 51. |
|
Crataegus flabellata |
Crataegus brainerdii |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct. | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct. |
Habitat | Brush, successional fields, fencelines, woodland edges, open woodlands | Successional fields, brush |
Elevation | 10–200 m (0–700 ft) | 10–300 m (0–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; MA; ME; NH; NY; VT; NB; NS; ON; QC
|
MA; ME; MI; NH; NY; VT; WI; ON; QC |
Discussion | Crataegus flabellata occurs along the Niagara Escarpment in Ontario, on both sides of Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence, to New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and to Massachusetts. Reports for Newfoundland have not been substantiated. Crataegus flabellata is distinctive with its leaf blades glossy dark green, ovate to broadly elliptic, cuneate at the base, and with deep acuminate lobes. Specimens with less glandularity or serration of the sepal margins may resemble C. fluviatilis. In spite of the obvious differences in morphology and range, C. flabellata and C. macrosperma often have been combined by floristicians. From C. chrysocarpa, C. flabellata is distinguished by its shinier, ellipsoid, glabrous fruit, by the usually deeper, acuminate lobes of its glossy, dark green leaves, and by longer, slightly more acute sepals. Typically, the inflorescences and hypanthia of eastern C. chrysocarpa are densely hairy, practically tomentose, unlike C. flabellata with its more sparsely hairy pedicels and glabrous distal hypanthia. It is conceivable that, due to morphological intermediacy and the sympatry of all three species within the range of C. flabellata, this species represents the result of ancient hybridization between C. chrysocarpa and C. macrosperma. Crataegus flabellata is usually divided into two varieties: var. flabellata (10 stamens) and var. grayana (20 stamens), the latter being particularly common in southern Quebec. There appears to be little, if any, other constant differentiating feature. Crataegus crudelis, also from Quebec, is a form recognized by long thorns (to 10 cm). The name Crataegus densiflora Sargent, which pertains to C. flabellata, is illegitimate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crataegus brainerdii has a scattered distribution and seems nowhere common. E. J. Palmer (1950) recorded it from North Carolina but this is well out of range. This species is similar in leaf shape to C. scabrida var. scabrida; it differs in stamen number. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 567. | FNA vol. 9, p. 523. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Tenuifoliae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Macracanthae > ser. Anomalae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mespilus flabellata, C. crudelis, C. flabellata var. densiflora, C. flabellata var. grayana, C. grayana | |
Name authority | (Bosc ex Spach) K. Koch: Verh. Vereins Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten, ser. 2, 1: 240. (1853) | Sargent: Rhodora 3: 27. (1901) |
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