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scarlet hawthorn
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| Shrubs or trees, 70–80(–120) dm. |
Shrubs, 60 dm, branches strongly weeping (moving in slight wind). |
twigs: new growth greenish, glabrous or slightly hairy; thorns on twigs straight to recurved, ± stout, 2–4 cm. |
trunk bark dark brown, rimose; twigs: new growth pubescent, 1–2-years old dark purple-brown, slender; thorns on twigs ± straight, 1–2-years old dark purple-brown, fine, 2 cm. |
petiole length 30–40% blade, glabrate to densely hairy, glandular or eglandular; blade ovate or broadly elliptic to elliptic-ovate, (4–)5–8 cm, base broadly cuneate to subtruncate, rarely slightly cordate, lobe apex acute, margins serrate, sometimes doubly serrate, teeth 2 mm, adaxial surface usually densely scabrous young. |
petiole slender, length 25–50% blade, pubescent, glandularity not recorded; blade spatulate to obtrullate, (1.5–)3–4 cm, thin (readily fluttering in wind), base cuneate, lobes 1 or 2 per side, ± obscure to ± distinct, lobe apex subacute, margins entire proximally, crenate to serrate distally, strongly gland-dotted young, veins 2 or 3 per side, apex subacute to acute, surfaces ± persistently pubescent. |
branches sparsely to densely pubescent. |
2–4-flowered; branches canescent-tomentose; bracteoles linear, margins glandular. |
hypanthium glabrous or densely pubescent; stamens (5–)8–10(–20), anthers pink to rose-purple. |
12–15 mm diam.; hypanthium tomentose; sepals narrowly triangular, margins ± entire, abaxially tomentose; petals 5; anthers cream; styles 3–5. |
usually bright red, suborbicular to oblong, 10–14 mm, often sparsely pubescent (especially at ends); sepals spreading or missing. |
orange, ellipsoid to suborbicular, 6–8 mm diam., glabrate or hairy; sepals spreading; pyrenes 3–5. |
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Flowering Mar–Apr; fruiting Jul–Aug. |
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Dry brush |
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0–200 m (0–700 ft) |
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CT; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NY; OH; PA; RI; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC [Introduced in Europe]
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FL; GA; NC; SC |
Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). Crataegus coccinea is found from extreme southeastern Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Illinois through the southern Great Lakes area to coastal Maine, and in the Appalachians at higher altitudes to North Carolina; it is common in the north of its range. Crataegus coccinea varies in leaf shape and planeness and in fruit shape. In some areas, more or less pure populations of the different variants occur. It is easiest to group the variation around two relatively strongly marked varieties with ten or fewer stamens, vars. coccinea and pringlei, between which intermediates are common, and the 20-stamen var. fulleriana. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crataegus floridana is frequent in north-central Florida and extends through much of Georgia with single records from Kershaw County, South Carolina, and Brunswick County, North Carolina. Crataegus floridana resembles C. quaesita in its more or less obtrullate, but distally lobed leaves (which can always be observed fluttering in the wind) and longer petioles. The largest leaves in subser. Tenues may be found in Crataegus floridana; there is considerable size variation. The depth and sharpness of the lobes is variable, with a maximum in the proportionately broadest leaves, these having been called C. anisophylla. Differences from 146. C. meridiana are noted there. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
1. Leaf blades (elongate), ovate (length/width = 1.4–1.5), 5–8 cm (widest in proximal 1/3), plane, lobe sinuses deep, bases broadly cuneate to truncate, rarely slightly cordate; pomes usually suborbicular. | var. coccinea |
1. Leaf blades broadly elliptic to elliptic-ovate (length/width = 1.2), 4–7 cm, plane or concavo-convex, lobe sinuses often shallow, bases rounded to broadly cuneate; pomes usually oblong or suborbicular | → 2 |
2. Stamens 8–10; leaf blades conspicuously concavo-convex; pomes usually oblong. | var. pringlei |
2. Stamens 20; leaf blades usually plane, rarely concavo-convex; pomes usually suborbicular. | var. fulleriana |
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| FNA vol. 9, p. 559. |
FNA vol. 9, p. 625. |
| Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Coccineae |
Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Lacrimatae |
C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. castlegarensis, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinioides, C. cognata, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. floridana, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. holmesiana, C. ignava, C. incilis, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. monogyna, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivularis, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. shuswapensis, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae |
C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. castlegarensis, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinea, C. coccinioides, C. cognata, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. holmesiana, C. ignava, C. incilis, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. monogyna, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivularis, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. shuswapensis, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae |
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C. anisophylla, C. quaesita var. floridana, C. versuta |
| Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 476. (1753) |
Sargent: Bot. Gaz. 33: 124. (1902) |
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