Crataegus castlegarensis |
Crataegus shuswapensis |
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Castlegar hawthorn, Castlegar hawthorne, hawthorn |
shuswap hawthorn |
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Habit | Shrubs, 25–50 dm. | Shrubs, 55 dm. |
Stems | erect; branches spreading; 1-year old twigs brown; thorns on twigs usually branched, some paired or in triads, straight to slightly recurved, dark brown with blackish tip young, 2–3 cm. |
1-year old twigs tan to deep brown; thorns on twigs straight or slightly recurved, very dark brown young, 2–3 cm. |
Leaves | petiole 0.7–1.5 cm, pubescent, eglandular; blade oblanceolate to ovate-rhombic, 3.5–6 cm, lobes 3 or 4 per side, sinuses shallow to deep, lobe apex usually acute, margins serrate, teeth apices finally glandular young, venation craspedodromous, veins 4 or 5 per side, apex broadly triangular, abaxial surface sparsely hairy or glabrous except on veins, adaxial conspicuously appressed-pubescent young, glabrescent except on midvein. |
petiole 1.5–2.2 cm, pubescent, sparsely gland-dotted; blade rhombic, 5–7 cm, lobes 4 per side, sinuses deep, lobe apex acute, margins remotely serrate, venation craspedodromous, veins 4 or 5 per side, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial sparsely appressed-pubescent. |
Inflorescences | 12–20-flowered; branches sparsely to densely pubescent; bracteole margins stipitate-glandular. |
12–18-flowered; branches glabrous; bracteole margins glandular. |
Flowers | 12 mm diam.; hypanthium pubescent or glabrous; sepals triangular, 3 mm, margins remotely glandular-serrate; stamens 10, anthers pink; styles 3 or 4. |
15 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals triangular, 4–5 mm, margins minutely glandular; stamens 10–18, anthers pale to bright pink or puce; styles 3 or 4. |
Pomes | crimson (mid Aug) turning to reddish plum or, ultimately, blackish purple, orbicular, ± oblate (recessed at junction with pedicel), 10 mm diam., sparsely pilose; sepals reflexed, apex obtuse; pyrenes 3 or 4, sides usually pitted. |
brick red young, deep purple mature, somewhat glaucous, suborbicular to ± broadly ellipsoid, 12 mm diam., glabrous; sepals remnants patent-recurved, apex acute; pyrenes (3 or)4, sides plane to ± concave, grooved, or irregularly scarred. |
2n | = 68. |
= 68. |
Crataegus castlegarensis |
Crataegus shuswapensis |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct. | Flowering May; fruiting Sep–Oct. |
Habitat | Mesic brush | Thickets, natural hedgerows, shade of riverine Populus |
Elevation | 300–1200 m (1000–3900 ft) | 300–500 m (1000–1600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK
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BC |
Discussion | Crataegus castlegarensis occurs from around the northern Okanagan, British Columbia, to the northern California Coast Ranges, to northwestern Montana, and the Rocky Mountains to northeast of Salt Lake City, Utah. The species occurs also in the Cypress Hills of Alberta and Saskatchewan; it is found in habitats similar to those of C. douglasii and is at least as abundant as that species in a number of parts of its range. Crataegus castlegarensis is readily recognized by a combination of hairy inflorescence branches, pomes more or less orbicular, crimson or burgundy (with irregular earlier ripening) around the third week of August, soon becoming purple, often when nearby C. douglasii is already black, as well as a tendency to possess thorns on the young twigs branched at the base to become double, triple, or even sometimes quadruple. Such multiple thorns, though sometimes abundant on a bush, are more often few and may require searching for. Inflorescence pubescence, as in other species with this characteristic, may become sparse by fruiting. Crataegus castlegarensis is most similar to C. douglasii; its fruit is usually more orbicular, even oblately so, than is normal in that species, sometimes even with a recessed junction to the pedicel like an apple. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Crataegus shuswapensis is locally common near Enderby in the northern Okanagan and southwestern Shuswap drainage. Flowering plants from Lake County, Montana, are indistinguishable; fruiting plants from these populations have not been collected. Crataegus shuswapensis is a distinctive member of ser. Douglasianae in the Okanagan because of its relatively long, stout thorns, large, wide, rhombic, and deeply and sharply incised leaf blades, pink, sometimes puce anthers, somewhat low style and pyrene numbers, and fairly large for the series, suborbicular to broadly ellipsoid purple fruit. Also, this species has a greater frequency of plane-sided pyrenes than has been noted in C. douglasii. Crataegus shuswapensis is unusual in the genus for its unstable stamen number; in its other characteristics, it is more uniform. The majority of specimens that have been assigned to this species have about ten stamens; these are not dissimilar to an extreme form of C. douglasii that is locally common in northwest Montana and has been noted occasionally elsewhere. This latter variant of C. shuswapensis may be a single apomictic race. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 513. | FNA vol. 9, p. 514. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Douglasia > ser. Douglasianae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Douglasia > ser. Douglasianae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | J. B. Phipps & O'Kennon: Sida 20: 121, figs. 3, 4. (2002) | J. B. Phipps & O’Kennon: Sida 20: 128, fig. 5. (2002) |
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