Flora of North America species comparison

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Crataegus castlegarensis

Crataegus sect. Douglasia

Castlegar hawthorn, Castlegar hawthorne, hawthorn
Habit Shrubs, 25–50 dm. Shrubs or trees, (20–)30–100(–140) dm.
Stems

erect;

branches spreading; 1-year old twigs brown;

thorns on twigs usually branched, some paired or in triads, straight to slightly recurved, dark brown with blackish tip young, 2–3 cm.

trunks 1–few, usually ± erect, bark plated, ± exfoliating;

compound thorns on trunks sometimes present;

thorns on twigs determinate, usually numerous, straight to ± recurved, slender to stout.
Leaves

petiole 0.7–1.5 cm, pubescent, eglandular;

blade oblanceolate to ovate-rhombic, 3.5–6 cm, lobes 3 or 4 per side, sinuses shallow to deep, lobe apex usually acute, margins serrate, teeth apices finally glandular young, venation craspedodromous, veins 4 or 5 per side, apex broadly triangular, abaxial surface sparsely hairy or glabrous except on veins, adaxial conspicuously appressed-pubescent young, glabrescent except on midvein.

blade ± rhombic to ± elliptic, elliptic-oblong, or ovate-rhombic, sometimes ± obovate, oblanceolate, or suborbiculate, 3–8 cm, ± coriaceous to ± thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 per side, obscure to evident and sinuses shallow to deep, veins (3 or)4–9(–12) per side, absent to sinuses.
Inflorescences

12–20-flowered;

branches sparsely to densely pubescent;

bracteole margins stipitate-glandular.

branches glabrous or pubescent;

symmetric bracteoles present, basal stipuliform, falcate bracteoles absent.
Flowers

12 mm diam.;

hypanthium pubescent or glabrous;

sepals triangular, 3 mm, margins remotely glandular-serrate;

stamens 10, anthers pink;

styles 3 or 4.

post-mature petals pale paper brown;

stamens 5 or 10–20, anthers white to ivory, pink, or purple, sometimes puce.
Pomes

crimson (mid Aug) turning to reddish plum or, ultimately, blackish purple, orbicular, ± oblate (recessed at junction with pedicel), 10 mm diam., sparsely pilose;

sepals reflexed, apex obtuse;

pyrenes 3 or 4, sides usually pitted.

bright or deep red to purple or black (late Aug), reddish purple to black (late Sep);

pyrene sides usually pitted, sometimes plane.
2n

= 68.

Crataegus castlegarensis

Crataegus sect. Douglasia
Phenology Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct.
Habitat Mesic brush
Elevation 300–1200 m (1000–3900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
w North America; nc North America
Discussion

Crataegus castlegarensis occurs from around the northern Okanagan, British Columbia, to the northern California Coast Ranges, to northwestern Montana, and the Rocky Mountains to northeast of Salt Lake City, Utah. The species occurs also in the Cypress Hills of Alberta and Saskatchewan; it is found in habitats similar to those of C. douglasii and is at least as abundant as that species in a number of parts of its range.

Crataegus castlegarensis is readily recognized by a combination of hairy inflorescence branches, pomes more or less orbicular, crimson or burgundy (with irregular earlier ripening) around the third week of August, soon becoming purple, often when nearby C. douglasii is already black, as well as a tendency to possess thorns on the young twigs branched at the base to become double, triple, or even sometimes quadruple. Such multiple thorns, though sometimes abundant on a bush, are more often few and may require searching for. Inflorescence pubescence, as in other species with this characteristic, may become sparse by fruiting. Crataegus castlegarensis is most similar to C. douglasii; its fruit is usually more orbicular, even oblately so, than is normal in that species, sometimes even with a recessed junction to the pedicel like an apple.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species 16 (16 in the flora).

Section Douglasia comprises all the North American hawthorns (except Crataegus brachyacantha) with purple (burgundy in two) to black fully mature fruit, usually fairly short (1.5–3.5 cm) thorns, and laterally eroded pyrenes. The lateral erosion or pitting on the pyrenes is not always very deep or as conspicuous as in C. macracantha and close allies.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Key
1. Leaves: blades narrow, more than 2:1, lobes 0, veins 6–8(–12) per side; flowers 10–13 mm diam.; stamens 20, anthers cream; bark on younger 2–5 cm thick branches often shining coppery, horizontal lenticels present.
C. ser. Cerrones
1. Leaves: blades usually broader, less than 1.6:1, lobes 0 or 1–4 per side, veins (3 or)4 or 5(–7) per side; flowers (10–)12–22 mm diam.; stamens 5 or 10(–20), anthers white to ivory, pink, or purple, sometimes puce; bark on younger 2–5 cm thick branches usually dark gray-brown or orange, conspicuous horizontal lenticels absent
→ 2
2. Stamens 10, anthers pink or pink-purple to purple; flowers 14–18 mm diam.; thorns on twigs slender.
C. ser. Cerrones
2. Stamens 10(–20), anthers pink or ivory to white, sometimes puce; flowers (10–)12–18(–22) mm diam.; thorns on twigs usually ± stout, sometimes slender
→ 3
3. Thorns 2–5(–7) cm, slender to stout; inflorescence branches usually sparsely villous, sometimes glabrate; sepal margins denticulate to finely, sometimes strongly, glandular-serrate; pomes bright red to purple (late Aug), reddish purple to deep purple, often nearly black (late Sep), sepals conspicuous unless eroded, usually erect-patent, sometimes ± reflexed, usually accrescent (except in C. williamsii).
C. ser. Purpureofructus
3. Thorns 1–3.5 cm, ± stout; inflorescence branches glabrous or pubescent; sepal margins subentire, finely glandular distally; pomes black or dark purple mature, sepals short, reflexed or patent-recurved, not accrescent.
C. ser. Douglasianae
Source FNA vol. 9, p. 513. FNA vol. 9, p. 502.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Douglasia > ser. Douglasianae Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus
Sibling taxa
C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinea, C. coccinioides, C. cognata, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. floridana, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. holmesiana, C. ignava, C. incilis, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. monogyna, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivularis, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. shuswapensis, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae
Subordinate taxa
C. ser. Cerrones, C. ser. Douglasianae, C. ser. Purpureofructus
Name authority J. B. Phipps & O'Kennon: Sida 20: 121, figs. 3, 4. (2002) Loudon: Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 823. (1838)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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