Crataegus castlegarensis |
Crataegus margarettae |
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Castlegar hawthorn, Castlegar hawthorne, hawthorn |
Margaret's hawthorn |
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Habit | Shrubs, 25–50 dm. | Shrubs, 60–70 dm. | ||||||||||||
Stems | erect; branches spreading; 1-year old twigs brown; thorns on twigs usually branched, some paired or in triads, straight to slightly recurved, dark brown with blackish tip young, 2–3 cm. |
twigs: new growth becoming shiny, brownish tan by fall in 1st year, glabrous, 1-year old brownish gray, older dull gray; thorns on twigs few to numerous, straight to recurved, 1-year old blackish, ± shiny, slender, 2.5–5 cm. |
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Leaves | petiole 0.7–1.5 cm, pubescent, eglandular; blade oblanceolate to ovate-rhombic, 3.5–6 cm, lobes 3 or 4 per side, sinuses shallow to deep, lobe apex usually acute, margins serrate, teeth apices finally glandular young, venation craspedodromous, veins 4 or 5 per side, apex broadly triangular, abaxial surface sparsely hairy or glabrous except on veins, adaxial conspicuously appressed-pubescent young, glabrescent except on midvein. |
petiole length 30–60% blade, glabrous, usually with small glands at first, becoming eglandular, glands ± caducous, small; blade green to bluish green, suborbiculate, ovate, or obovate, rarely elliptic-rhombic to elliptic or lance-elliptic, 3–5 cm (less than 2.5 in var. meiophylla), subcoriaceous, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, lobes 1–3(or 4) per side, sinuses usually shallow, sometimes deep, lobe apex obtuse to angled, margins crenate to finely, sharply serrate, veins 3 or 4 per side, apex subacute to obtuse, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial ± sparsely appressed-short-pubescent young, glabrescent. |
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Inflorescences | 12–20-flowered; branches sparsely to densely pubescent; bracteole margins stipitate-glandular. |
6–15-flowered; branches glabrous, rarely pubescent; bracteoles late caducous, linear, subherbaceous, margins glandular. |
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Flowers | 12 mm diam.; hypanthium pubescent or glabrous; sepals triangular, 3 mm, margins remotely glandular-serrate; stamens 10, anthers pink; styles 3 or 4. |
(8–)12–17 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals narrowly triangular, 4–5 mm, margins entire or subentire, glandular, abaxially glabrous; stamens 20, anthers ivory; styles 2 or 3(or 4). |
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Pomes | crimson (mid Aug) turning to reddish plum or, ultimately, blackish purple, orbicular, ± oblate (recessed at junction with pedicel), 10 mm diam., sparsely pilose; sepals reflexed, apex obtuse; pyrenes 3 or 4, sides usually pitted. |
yellow, orange-red, red, or dull burgundy, broadly ellipsoid to suborbicular, 7–12 mm diam., glabrous; sepals reflexed, often on collar; pyrenes 2–4. |
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2n | = 68. |
= 34. |
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Crataegus castlegarensis |
Crataegus margarettae |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Mesic brush | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 300–1200 m (1000–3900 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK
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IA; IL; IN; KY; MI; MO; OH; PA; VA; WI; WV; ON |
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Discussion | Crataegus castlegarensis occurs from around the northern Okanagan, British Columbia, to the northern California Coast Ranges, to northwestern Montana, and the Rocky Mountains to northeast of Salt Lake City, Utah. The species occurs also in the Cypress Hills of Alberta and Saskatchewan; it is found in habitats similar to those of C. douglasii and is at least as abundant as that species in a number of parts of its range. Crataegus castlegarensis is readily recognized by a combination of hairy inflorescence branches, pomes more or less orbicular, crimson or burgundy (with irregular earlier ripening) around the third week of August, soon becoming purple, often when nearby C. douglasii is already black, as well as a tendency to possess thorns on the young twigs branched at the base to become double, triple, or even sometimes quadruple. Such multiple thorns, though sometimes abundant on a bush, are more often few and may require searching for. Inflorescence pubescence, as in other species with this characteristic, may become sparse by fruiting. Crataegus castlegarensis is most similar to C. douglasii; its fruit is usually more orbicular, even oblately so, than is normal in that species, sometimes even with a recessed junction to the pedicel like an apple. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). Crataegus margarettae is widespread and often common, extending east from Missouri and Iowa to Wisconsin, southern Michigan, southwestern Ontario (where it was always rare and is now perhaps lost), western Pennsylvania, and western Virginia. Leaves of Crataegus margarettae are often somewhat blue-green at maturity, and the thorns are usually finer than found on its close relatives C. dodgei and C. lumaria. The variation in fruit color (yellow to burgundy) and leaf shape (suborbiculate to narrowly elliptic) is considerable; there are four varieties but only the typical one is common. The other varieties are extreme forms of which perhaps only var. angustifolia has a genetic basis; var. brownii and var. meiophylla are possibly products of dry seasons or situations. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 513. | FNA vol. 9, p. 601. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Douglasia > ser. Douglasianae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Rotundifoliae | ||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Name authority | J. B. Phipps & O'Kennon: Sida 20: 121, figs. 3, 4. (2002) | Ashe: J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 16: 72. (1900) | ||||||||||||
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