Crataegus castlegarensis |
Crataegus lanuginosa |
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Castlegar hawthorn, Castlegar hawthorne, hawthorn |
woolly hawthorn |
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Habit | Shrubs, 25–50 dm. | Shrubs or arborescent shrubs, 20–80 dm. |
Stems | erect; branches spreading; 1-year old twigs brown; thorns on twigs usually branched, some paired or in triads, straight to slightly recurved, dark brown with blackish tip young, 2–3 cm. |
trunk bark pale, stout; twigs: new growth light green, villous, at end of 1st year dull red-brown, sparsely villous or pubescent, strongly flexuous, 1-year old gray-brown, stout; thorns on twigs numerous, straight, shiny purplish black, ultimately ashy gray, stout, (3–)7(–9) cm. |
Leaves | petiole 0.7–1.5 cm, pubescent, eglandular; blade oblanceolate to ovate-rhombic, 3.5–6 cm, lobes 3 or 4 per side, sinuses shallow to deep, lobe apex usually acute, margins serrate, teeth apices finally glandular young, venation craspedodromous, veins 4 or 5 per side, apex broadly triangular, abaxial surface sparsely hairy or glabrous except on veins, adaxial conspicuously appressed-pubescent young, glabrescent except on midvein. |
stipules caducous, oblong, foliaceous, acute, villous, minutely red glandular; petiole stout, length 25–30% blade, slightly grooved, densely tomentose, glandularity not recorded; blade bluish, short-ovate to suborbiculate, 4–5 cm, less than 1/2 grown when flowers open, subcoriaceous, base broadly cuneate to rounded, lobes 1 or 2 per side, short, wide, lobe apex acute, margins coarsely, sharply doubly serrate, teeth glandular, veins 3–5 per side, apex acute or rounded and short-pointed, abaxial surface yellow-green, tomentose, midvein prominent, adaxial dark or bluish green, lustrous, densely hoary tomentose, later scabrous. |
Inflorescences | 12–20-flowered; branches sparsely to densely pubescent; bracteole margins stipitate-glandular. |
5–10-flowered, compact; branches hoary-tomentose; bracteoles persistent, oblong-obovate, (smaller) membranous or (larger) herbaceous, margins finely glandular-serrate, apex acute or rounded, villous. |
Flowers | 12 mm diam.; hypanthium pubescent or glabrous; sepals triangular, 3 mm, margins remotely glandular-serrate; stamens 10, anthers pink; styles 3 or 4. |
20 mm diam.; hypanthium densely covered with long, matted, white hairs; sepals broad, short, margins stipitate-glandular, abaxially densely villous; stamens 20, anthers rose; styles 5, base surrounded by large tufts of white hairs. |
Pomes | crimson (mid Aug) turning to reddish plum or, ultimately, blackish purple, orbicular, ± oblate (recessed at junction with pedicel), 10 mm diam., sparsely pilose; sepals reflexed, apex obtuse; pyrenes 3 or 4, sides usually pitted. |
in clusters on erect, tomentose pedicels, dark crimson, sometimes with pale dots, orbicular to suborbicular or short-oblong, 10–12 mm diam., slightly hairy at ends; flesh thin, orange, dry, mealy; calyces sessile, enlarged, with wide deep cavity; sepals persistent, usually erect and spreading or incurved, coarsely serrate, villous; pyrenes 5, dorsally irregularly grooved, sides smooth, acute at ends. |
2n | = 68. |
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Crataegus castlegarensis |
Crataegus lanuginosa |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct. | Flowering late Apr; fruiting late Oct. |
Habitat | Mesic brush | Dry, gravelly hills |
Elevation | 300–1200 m (1000–3900 ft) | 100–200 m (300–700 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK
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MO |
Discussion | Crataegus castlegarensis occurs from around the northern Okanagan, British Columbia, to the northern California Coast Ranges, to northwestern Montana, and the Rocky Mountains to northeast of Salt Lake City, Utah. The species occurs also in the Cypress Hills of Alberta and Saskatchewan; it is found in habitats similar to those of C. douglasii and is at least as abundant as that species in a number of parts of its range. Crataegus castlegarensis is readily recognized by a combination of hairy inflorescence branches, pomes more or less orbicular, crimson or burgundy (with irregular earlier ripening) around the third week of August, soon becoming purple, often when nearby C. douglasii is already black, as well as a tendency to possess thorns on the young twigs branched at the base to become double, triple, or even sometimes quadruple. Such multiple thorns, though sometimes abundant on a bush, are more often few and may require searching for. Inflorescence pubescence, as in other species with this characteristic, may become sparse by fruiting. Crataegus castlegarensis is most similar to C. douglasii; its fruit is usually more orbicular, even oblately so, than is normal in that species, sometimes even with a recessed junction to the pedicel like an apple. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Crataegus lanuginosa was recorded as common near Webb City, Jasper County, in the early part of the 20th century; it has not been collected since 1957. The species is distinguished from others of ser. Molles by its relatively small leaves of a distinctly bluish color; the dark crimson, hard fruits, and remarkable development of the thorns, are also unusual in ser. Molles, as is the habitat on dry gravelly hills (when 20–30 dm tall), although it also occurs in more mesic sites (when 40–80 dm tall). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 513. | FNA vol. 9, p. 555. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Douglasia > ser. Douglasianae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Molles |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. mollis var. lanuginosa | |
Name authority | J. B. Phipps & O'Kennon: Sida 20: 121, figs. 3, 4. (2002) | Sargent: Trees & Shrubs 1: 113, plate 57. (1903) |
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