Crataegus castlegarensis |
Crataegus irrasa |
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Castlegar hawthorn, Castlegar hawthorne, hawthorn |
aubépine pubérulente, blanchard's hawthorn, zigzag hawthorn |
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Habit | Shrubs, 25–50 dm. | Shrubs, spreading into broad thickets, 30–60 dm. |
Stems | erect; branches spreading; 1-year old twigs brown; thorns on twigs usually branched, some paired or in triads, straight to slightly recurved, dark brown with blackish tip young, 2–3 cm. |
numerous; twigs: new growth olive- or orange-green, slender, marked by large, oblong, pale lenticels, glabrous, 1-year old light, grayish, or deep reddish brown, at end of 1d year often deep red-brown, 2-years old gray or light brown tinged with red, older ashy gray; thorns on twigs numerous, straight, 1-year old shiny, deep red-brown, older dark gray, ultimately ashy gray, stout, 3–6 cm. |
Leaves | petiole 0.7–1.5 cm, pubescent, eglandular; blade oblanceolate to ovate-rhombic, 3.5–6 cm, lobes 3 or 4 per side, sinuses shallow to deep, lobe apex usually acute, margins serrate, teeth apices finally glandular young, venation craspedodromous, veins 4 or 5 per side, apex broadly triangular, abaxial surface sparsely hairy or glabrous except on veins, adaxial conspicuously appressed-pubescent young, glabrescent except on midvein. |
stipules oblong-obovate, to falcate and acuminate on extension shoots, glandular-serrate, acuminate, villous; petiole length 33–40% blade, slightly winged distally, adaxially villous young, glandular, glands minute, dark red; blade ovate-oblong to oblong, (4–)5–7(–8) cm (more than 1/2 grown at anthesis), on extension shoots similar, larger, thin to chartaceous, base cuneate to nearly truncate, lobes 5 or 6 per side, sinuses moderately deep (max LII 15%), lobe apex acute, ± triangular, margins serrulate, veins 5–7 per side, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial appressed-scabrous, glabrescent. |
Inflorescences | 12–20-flowered; branches sparsely to densely pubescent; bracteole margins stipitate-glandular. |
9–12-flowered; branches villous; bracteoles linear, small, membranous, margins sessile-glandular. |
Flowers | 12 mm diam.; hypanthium pubescent or glabrous; sepals triangular, 3 mm, margins remotely glandular-serrate; stamens 10, anthers pink; styles 3 or 4. |
13–15 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous or pubescent; sepals reflexed after flowering, tapering from broad bases, short, margins minutely, bright red glandular, apex acute, abaxially villous; stamens 20, anthers pale yellow, small; styles 4 or 5. |
Pomes | crimson (mid Aug) turning to reddish plum or, ultimately, blackish purple, orbicular, ± oblate (recessed at junction with pedicel), 10 mm diam., sparsely pilose; sepals reflexed, apex obtuse; pyrenes 3 or 4, sides usually pitted. |
in broad, multi-fruited clusters, drooping or erect on stout branches; reddish, suborbicular to oblong, 12–14 mm diam., glabrous or pubescent; sepals persistent, sometimes until following spring, prominent, appressed to spreading; pyrenes 4 or 5, full and rounded at ends. |
2n | = 68. |
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Crataegus castlegarensis |
Crataegus irrasa |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct. | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep. |
Habitat | Mesic brush | Brush, old fields |
Elevation | 300–1200 m (1000–3900 ft) | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK
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CT; NY; WI; NF; ON; QC |
Discussion | Crataegus castlegarensis occurs from around the northern Okanagan, British Columbia, to the northern California Coast Ranges, to northwestern Montana, and the Rocky Mountains to northeast of Salt Lake City, Utah. The species occurs also in the Cypress Hills of Alberta and Saskatchewan; it is found in habitats similar to those of C. douglasii and is at least as abundant as that species in a number of parts of its range. Crataegus castlegarensis is readily recognized by a combination of hairy inflorescence branches, pomes more or less orbicular, crimson or burgundy (with irregular earlier ripening) around the third week of August, soon becoming purple, often when nearby C. douglasii is already black, as well as a tendency to possess thorns on the young twigs branched at the base to become double, triple, or even sometimes quadruple. Such multiple thorns, though sometimes abundant on a bush, are more often few and may require searching for. Inflorescence pubescence, as in other species with this characteristic, may become sparse by fruiting. Crataegus castlegarensis is most similar to C. douglasii; its fruit is usually more orbicular, even oblately so, than is normal in that species, sometimes even with a recessed junction to the pedicel like an apple. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The proven range of Crataegus irrasa is from eastern Ontario and nearby New York to Newfoundland. This species is to be expected in New England. Crataegus irrasa is readily distinguished from both C. chrysocarpa var. vigintistamina and C. oakesiana by its larger, more oblong, and more venous leaves. Dubious records from Minnesota have more rhombic leaves. The most distinctive form, C. noveboracensis, which flourishes in Muskoka, Ontario, has the largest, most venous, and most oblong leaves; similar plants are known also from Newfoundland. Crataegus irrasa is distinguished from the somewhat similar C. flabellata var. grayana by its wider and thicker leaves, much hairier corymbs and hypanthia, pale yellow anthers, and the color of the flesh of the ripe pomes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 513. | FNA vol. 9, p. 601. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Douglasia > ser. Douglasianae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Rotundifoliae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. noveboracensis | |
Name authority | J. B. Phipps & O'Kennon: Sida 20: 121, figs. 3, 4. (2002) | Sargent: Rhodora 5: 116. (1903) |
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