Crataegus brachyacantha |
Crataegus oakesiana |
|
---|---|---|
blueberry haw, blueberry hawthorn, hoghaw, pomette bleue |
Oakes' hawthorn |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees, 60–100(–150) dm. | Shrubs, 60 dm. |
Stems | trunk bark dark gray-brown, plated; thorns on twigs absent or present, recurved, short, to 1.5 cm. |
twigs: new growth green, glabrous, 1-year old shiny, mid brown, older deep gray; thorns on twigs frequent, recurved, 1-year old shiny reddish to blackish brown, slender to moderately thick, 2–4.5 cm. |
Leaves | petiole length 15–30% blade; blade elliptic, 2–3 cm, coriaceous, shiny, lobes 0, margins crenate, venation camptodromous, veins 5 or 6(–8) per side, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial sparingly appressed-hairy, hairy on midvein, sometimes to sinuses. |
petiole length 40% blade, glabrous, densely glandular; blade broadly ovate to oblong-ovate or broadly elliptic, smaller sometimes ± rhombic, 3–5 cm, on extension shoots larger, often suborbiculate, thin to chartaceous, base cuneate to broadly cuneate or ± rounded, lobes 4 or 5 per side, sinuses shallow, lobe apex triangular, margins serrate teeth numerous, small, veins 6–8 per side, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial densely appressed-scabrous young, glabrescent. |
Inflorescences | 15–25-flowered; branches glabrous; bracteoles caducous, narrow, small, membranous, margins eglandular, nearly glabrous. |
6–10-flowered; branches pilose; bracteoles linear, membranous, margins sessile-glandular. |
Flowers | 12 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals triangular, 1.5 mm; stamens 20, anthers cream to orange, 0.5 mm; styles 4 or 5. |
16 mm diam.; hypanthium pubescent; sepals narrowly triangular, 6 mm, margins glandular, sometimes barely glandular-serrate, abaxially glabrous; stamens 20, anthers cream; styles 3 or 4. |
Pomes | black to bluish black, pruinose, oblate-orbiculate, 8–14 mm diam.; flesh mealy; fruiting calyx suberect, on small collar, sepal tips often reflexed; pyrenes 4 or 5, dorsally slightly grooved, sides plane. |
reddish, broadly ellipsoid to suborbicular, 11–14 mm diam., smooth, glabrous; sepals spreading, often erose; pyrenes 3 or 4. |
2n | = 34, 51. |
|
Crataegus brachyacantha |
Crataegus oakesiana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr; fruiting Sep–Nov. | Flowering May; fruiting Sep–Oct. |
Habitat | Wet prairies, alluvial flats, well-drained mesic sites, woodland margins | Rocky outcrops |
Elevation | 10–200 m (0–700 ft) | 100–200 m (300–700 ft) |
Distribution |
AR; GA; LA; MS; OK; TX
|
VT |
Discussion | Crataegus brachyacantha occurs throughout Louisiana, where it is locally common, and in the adjacent parts of all surrounding states. A disjunct population was known in Georgia but it cannot be found there now. The species is seemingly more shade tolerant than many other hawthorns. Crataegus brachyacantha is among the taller hawthorns in North America; its petals turn orange with age or on drying. The short, recurved thorns and bitter, oblate-orbiculate, black fruit also are distinctive and help to distinguish C. brachyacantha from C. saligna of Colorado and Utah (ser. Cerrones), which is similar in foliage and flower. The names blueberry haw and pomette bleue may have a special appropriateness about late August when the waxy covering of the fruit is still thick and the underlying color is a dark purple. At maturity, the flesh is thin and bitter and the skin usually black. The fall foliage, brilliant lustrous orange, bronze, and red, suggests potential ornamental use. Forma leucocarpa Sargent is a white-fruited form, which was collected by E. J. Palmer at Natchitoches, Louisiana, September 1915; it is the only recorded white-fruited hawthorn. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Crataegus oakesiana is not very different from C. chrysocarpa var. vigintistamina, differing primarily in its suborbiculate extension-shoot leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 501. | FNA vol. 9, p. 601. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Brevispinae > ser. Brevispinae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Rotundifoliae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Sargent & Engelmann: Bot. Gaz. 7: 128. (1882) | Eggleston: Torreya 7: 35. (1907) |
Web links |