Crataegus berberifolia |
Crataegus ×sicca |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
barberry hawthorn, barberry-leaf hawthorn |
|
|||||||||
Habit | Shrubs or trees, 60 dm. | Shrubs, 20–50 dm. | ||||||||
Stems | twigs: new growth orange-brown or green tinged with red, ± pubescent, 1-year old brown, older gray; thorns on twigs ± straight or recurved, 2-years old shiny black to chestnut brown, fine or stouter, (2–)3–4(–6.5) cm. |
twigs: new growth glabrate, 1-year old purple-brown, 2-years old dark gray-brown; thorns on twigs straight, 2-years old black, 3–7 cm. |
||||||||
Leaves | petiole 4–6 mm, length 13–18% blade, glabrescent, eglandular; blade narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, (2.5–)3(–4) cm, coriaceous, base narrowly cuneate, lobes 0, margins finely crenate or serrate except at base, or only beyond widest part, venation craspedodromous, veins 4–6 per side, apex subacute to obtuse, lustrous, abaxial surface ± densely pilose on veins, sometimes pubescent on surface, adaxial hairy young, glabrescent or becoming scabrous. |
petiole length 50% blade, winged distally, glandular; blade green, rhombic to rhombic-ovate, 2–4 cm, base cuneate, lobes 2–4 per side, sinuses shallow, lobe apex acute or rounded, margins finely, serrate, venation craspedodromous, veins 5 per side, apex acute, veins abaxially sparsely pilose young, persistent, adaxial glabrous or sparsely appressed-pilose young, glabrescent. |
||||||||
Inflorescences | 8–12-flowered; branches densely pubescent; bracteoles linear, margins glandular. |
4–6-flowered; branches glabrous or sparsely, sometimes densely, villous; bracteoles caducous, numerous, reddish, linear, membranous, margins glandular. |
||||||||
Flowers | 10–20 mm diam.; hypanthium villous or glabrous; sepals 3–5 mm, margins entire, abaxially glabrous; stamens 10 or 20, anthers cream or pink; styles 2 or 3. |
10–20 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals narrowly triangular, margins glandular-serrate, abaxial surface glabrous; stamens 10, anthers cream, sometimes pale pink; styles 3–5. |
||||||||
Pomes | reddish to yellow, suborbicular, 8–10 mm diam., glabrous; sepals erose or patent; pyrenes 2 or 3. |
pale orange, strongly pruinose, or deep red, suborbicular, 10 mm diam., glabrous; flesh soft when mature; sepals patent-reflexed; pyrenes 3–5, dorsally grooved, sides plane. |
||||||||
Crataegus berberifolia |
Crataegus ×sicca |
|||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; KS; LA; MO; MS; NC; SC; TN
|
c United States |
||||||||
Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Crataegus berberifolia is widespread from Texas to Missouri, Florida, and Virginia; it is particularly abundant in Louisiana. Crataegus berberifolia is little differentiated from some forms of C. crus-galli, except in indumentum; it has relatively small and less variably shaped leaves. Its distribution is quite different. Intermediates with hairy leaves and glabrous inflorescences or nearly glabrous leaves and hairy inflorescences may represent hybrids with C. crus-galli (where they might be reached in the key). Such a situation is found in C. araioclada. Abrasion of the adaxial leaf pubescence may occur, rendering identification more difficult with fruiting material. Crataegus berberifolia has a plethora of yellow and orange-fruited forms, particularly from southern Louisiana. Crataegus fera and C. tersa are red-fruited, C. crocina yellow. The fruit color in the type is unknown; E. J. Palmer (in specimen annotation) called it yellow-orange. A form with exceptionally white-tomentose leaves near Copenhagen, Louisiana, is probably this species. Crataegus regalis var. paradoxa (Sargent) E. J. Palmer, from Missouri and adjacent Kansas and Arkansas, is probably a hybrid between the deeply serrated 'regalis' leaf form of C. crus-galli and a form of C. berberifolia. Two common forms of C. berberifolia occur, treated here as varieties: var. engelmannii with ten pink anthers and var. berberifolia with 20 cream anthers. Forms with 20 pink or ten cream anthers also occur sporadically. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crataegus ×sicca is a poorly understood taxon from scattered locations in southern Missouri and southern Ohio. It is likely an interserial hybrid between C. margarettae and one or more entities in the C. pruinosa complex. Nothovarieties 2 (2 in the flora) (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||||||
Key |
|
|
||||||||
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 540. | FNA vol. 9, p. 641. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Crus-galli | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Name authority | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 469. (1840) | Crataegus ×sicca Sargent: Crataegus Missouri, 101. (1908) — as species | ||||||||
Web links |