Cotoneaster monopyrenus |
Rosaceae subfam. amygdaloideae |
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one-stone cotoneaster |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees, 3–5 m. Stems loosely erect, arching, spreading; branches spiraled, maroon, lenticellate, initially pilose-strigose. | Shrubs or trees, sometimes subshrubs or herbs. |
Leaves | deciduous; petiole 5–9 mm, pilose-strigose; blade elliptic, broadly elliptic, or broadly obovate, sometimes suborbiculate, 25–58 × 15–40 mm, subcoriaceous, base obtuse or cuneate, margins flat, veins 4–6, slightly sunken, apex obtuse or truncate, seldom acute, abaxial surfaces color not recorded, reticulate, tomentose-pilose, later thinning, adaxial dark green, dull, coating not recorded, flat between lateral veins, glabrescent; fall leaves pale yellowish green. |
alternate, sometimes opposite, simple, sometimes pinnately compound; stipules present or absent. |
Inflorescences | on fertile shoots 30–50 mm with 3–4 leaves, 7–20-flowered, lax. |
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Pedicels | 2–5 mm, pilose-strigose. |
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Flowers | 10–12 mm diam., buds white, hypanthium campanulate to cupulate, sparsely pilose-strigose; sepals: margins reddish, villous, borders maroon-tipped, membranous, apex acute, acuminate, or obtuse, surfaces sparsely pilose-strigose; petals spreading, white, sometimes with hair tuft; stamens (15–)20, filaments white; anthers purple to blackish purple; styles 1(or 2). |
torus absent or minute; carpels 1–5(–8), distinct or +/- connate (Maleae), free or +/- adnate to hypanthium (many Maleae), styles distinct or +/- connate (some Maleae); ovules (1 or)2(–5+), collateral, clustered, or biseriate. |
Fruits | follicles aggregated or not, capsules, drupes aggregated or not, aggregated drupelets, pomes, or aggregated nutlets, rarely achenes or aggregated achenes; styles persistent or deciduous, not elongate (elongate in Gillenieae). |
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Pomes | dark red or ruby to maroon, maturing dark purple or purple-black, obovoid, rarely globose or ellipsoid, 9–12.5 × 8.5–11.5 mm, dull, glaucous, glabrous; sepals flat, margins sparsely hairy, sparsely hairy to glabrate; navel open; style remnants at apex. |
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Pyrenes | 1(or 2). |
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x | = 8, 9, 15, 17. |
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Cotoneaster monopyrenus |
Rosaceae subfam. amygdaloideae |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Jul–Nov. | |
Habitat | Thickets | |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | |
Distribution |
WA; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe] |
HI; North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; Europe; Asia; Africa; Atlantic Islands (Madeira); Australia |
Discussion | L. Lingdi and A. R. Brach (2003) synonymized Cotoneaster monopyrenus with C. hebephyllus (as C. hebephyllus var. hebephyllus). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Cyanogenic glycosides are usually present in Amygdaloideae; sorbitol is present. The name Amygdaloideae Arnott (1832) has priority over Spiraeoideae Arnott (1832), used by D. Potter et al. (2007), because Amygdalaceae (1820) is an earlier conserved name. Tribes 9, genera 55, species ca. 1300 (9 tribes, 38 genera, 361 species, including 20 hybrids, in the flora) (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 457. | FNA vol. 9, p. 345. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. hebephyllus var. monopyrenus | |
Name authority | (W. W. Smith) Flinck & B. Hylmö: Bot. Not. 119: 459. (1966) | Arnott: Botany, 107. (1832) |
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