Cotoneaster melanocarpus |
Cotoneaster tengyuehensis |
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dark cotoneaster, dark-fruit cotoneaster |
cotoneaster, Tengyueh cotoneaster |
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Habit | Shrubs, 2–2.5 m. Stems loosely erect; branches spiraled, yellow brown to red brown, lenticellate, shiny, initially densely pilose. | Shrubs, 2–2.5 m; crown ± rounded. |
Stems | erect, arching, long; branches distichous, grayish maroon, initially densely strigose. |
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Leaves | deciduous; petiole 4–7 mm, tomentose-villous; blade elliptic to ovate, 33–45 × 20–32 mm, chartaceous, base rounded, margins flat, veins 5–7, superficial, apex acute or obtuse, abaxial surfaces densely silvery-pilose-villous, adaxial green to dark green, dull to slightly shiny, not glaucous, flat between lateral veins, rugose, sparsely pilose; fall leaves lacking notable color. |
deciduous (sometimes tardily so on vigorous shoots); petiole 1–4 mm, strigose; blade ovate or elliptic, (25–)30–50(–61) x 12–32 mm, chartaceous, base cuneate or rounded, margins flat, veins 3–5, deeply sunken, apex acuminate or acute, abaxial surfaces grayish green, villose-strigose or sparsely to moderately gray-tomentose, adaxial green to dark green, shiny, not glaucous, flat or faintly bulging between lateral veins, pilose-strigose; fall leaves yellow to orange. |
Inflorescences | on fertile shoots 25–30 mm with 3 or 4 leaves, 5–13-flowered, pendent, lax. |
on fertile shoots 25–40 mm with (3 or)4 leaves, 3–7(–9)-flowered, compact. |
Pedicels | 3–8 mm, sometimes sparsely villous. |
1–4 mm, densely strigose. |
Flowers | erect, 6–7 mm, open; hypanthium cupulate, dark reddish brown, glabrous; sepals: margins erose, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces glabrous, often apically villous; petals erect, greenish white with pink, red, base slightly darkened, margins white, glabrous; stamens 20(–22), filaments white, anthers white; styles 2–4. |
erect or ascending, [5–]6–8 mm, opening small; hypanthium cupulate, strigose; sepals: margins villous, borders reddish brown, glabrous, apex acuminate or cuspidate, surfaces strigose; petals erect-incurved, pink to red, base dark pink or red, rarely dark red or maroon, margins white; stamens 20 or 21, filaments pink or pale pink, whitish distally, anthers white; styles (2 or)3–5. |
Pomes | purple-black, obovoid or globose, 7–9 × 7–9 mm, dull, glaucous with blue tinge, glabrous; sepals suberect, glabrous or apically villous; navel open; style remnants 2/3 from base. |
spreading or pendent, bright red, broadly obovoid or subglobose, rarely oblong-obovoid, 6.3–10.4 × 5.8–9.1 mm, shiny, not glaucous, sparsely strigose; sepals flat or suberect, strigose; navel closed; style remnants 2/3 from base. |
Pyrenes | 2–4. |
(2 or)3–5. |
2n | = 48–52, 68 (Russia). |
= 68 (Germany). |
Cotoneaster melanocarpus |
Cotoneaster tengyuehensis |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Jul–Aug. | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Feb. |
Habitat | Forested ravines | Thickets, creek banks, open forests, edges |
Elevation | 300–500 m (1000–1600 ft) | 0–50 m (0–200 ft) |
Distribution |
MB; Eurasia (Russia, Ukraine) [Introduced in North America] |
WA; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe] |
Discussion | Cotoneaster melanocarpus is said to hybridize spontaneously with Sorbus aucuparia in Siberia, forming x\Sorbocotoneaster Pojarkova. The actual Cotoneaster parent is more likely to be a diploid and needs investigation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
L. Lingdi and A. R. Brach (2003) confused Cotoneaster tengyuehensis with C. glomerulatus W. W. Smith, a species with small fruits 5 mm in diameter, with 5 pyrenes and styles, and slightly smaller leaves to 40–50 mm. In the flora area, C. tengyuehensis is more likely to be mistaken for C. franchetii, which is a true evergreen with orange-red, obovate to obconic fruits, and pink to purple stamens. Naturalized shrubs of C. tengyuehensis drop their foliage in midwinter. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 467. | FNA vol. 9, p. 465. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. vulgaris var. melanocarpus | |
Name authority | (Ledebour) Loddiges: Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 3: 223. (1847) | J. Fryer & B. Hylmö: Watsonia 21: 338. (1997) |
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