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dark cotoneaster, dark-fruit cotoneaster

earthquake cotoneaster

Habit Shrubs, 2–2.5 m. Stems loosely erect; branches spiraled, yellow brown to red brown, lenticellate, shiny, initially densely pilose. Shrubs, sprawling, 0.5(–1.5) m. Stems erect, becoming suberect, ascending, wide-spreading; branches spiraled, dense, maroon, stiff, minutely verruculose, initially densely pilose or villose-strigose, later sparsely so.
Leaves

deciduous;

petiole 4–7 mm, tomentose-villous;

blade elliptic to ovate, 33–45 × 20–32 mm, chartaceous, base rounded, margins flat, veins 5–7, superficial, apex acute or obtuse, abaxial surfaces densely silvery-pilose-villous, adaxial green to dark green, dull to slightly shiny, not glaucous, flat between lateral veins, rugose, sparsely pilose;

fall leaves lacking notable color.

persistent;

petiole 1–2 mm, tomentose;

blade narrowly elliptic, sometimes lance-elliptic, rarely lanceolate, 5–11 × 2–6 mm, coriaceous, base narrowly cuneate, margins slightly revolute, veins 2–4, slightly sunken, apex acute or obtuse with long mucro, abaxial surfaces grayish white-tomentose, adaxial dark green, shiny, not glaucous, minutely rugose and verruculose, flat between lateral veins, initially pilose-strigose, soon glabrate.

Inflorescences

on fertile shoots 25–30 mm with 3 or 4 leaves, 5–13-flowered, pendent, lax.

on fertile shoots 10–20 mm with 4 leaves, 1(–3)-flowered.

Pedicels

3–8 mm, sometimes sparsely villous.

1–3 mm, tomentose.

Flowers

erect, 6–7 mm, open;

hypanthium cupulate, dark reddish brown, glabrous;

sepals: margins erose, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces glabrous, often apically villous;

petals erect, greenish white with pink, red, base slightly darkened, margins white, glabrous;

stamens 20(–22), filaments white, anthers white;

styles 2–4.

erect, 7–8 mm diam.;

buds white;

hypanthium funnelform, densely villous, becoming glabrate;

sepals: margins villous, apex cuspidate or acuminate, surfaces tomentose;

petals spreading, white, glabrous or hairy;

stamens 20, filaments white, anthers purple;

styles 2.

Pomes

purple-black, obovoid or globose, 7–9 × 7–9 mm, dull, glaucous with blue tinge, glabrous;

sepals suberect, glabrous or apically villous;

navel open;

style remnants 2/3 from base.

bright red, sometimes tinged crimson or cherry, globose, subglobose, or depressed-globose, 6–7 × 5–8 mm, shiny, not glaucous, sparsely villous;

sepals suberect or erect as coronet, villous to sparsely so;

navel open with pyrenes exserted;

style remnants at apex.

Pyrenes

2–4.

2.

2n

= 48–52, 68 (Russia).

= 68 (Germany).

Cotoneaster melanocarpus

Cotoneaster hodjingensis

Phenology Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Jul–Aug. Flowering Jun; fruiting Oct–Nov.
Habitat Forested ravines Banks, disturbed ground
Elevation 300–500 m (1000–1600 ft) 0–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
MB; Eurasia (Russia, Ukraine) [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; WA; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Cotoneaster melanocarpus is said to hybridize spontaneously with Sorbus aucuparia in Siberia, forming x\Sorbocotoneaster Pojarkova. The actual Cotoneaster parent is more likely to be a diploid and needs investigation.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Cotoneaster hodjingensis sometimes is synonymized with C. buxifolius Wallich ex Lindley (Zhou L. H. and Wu Z. Y. 2001; L. Lingdi and A. R. Brach 2003), a species from southern India with elliptic to ovate-elliptic, usually obtuse (rarely short-acute) leaves to 17 mm, petioles to 4 mm, 1–9 flowers per inflorescence (to 20 on end shoots), and a tomentose hypanthium. Here, C. hodjingensis is treated as separable by its normally narrower leaves no longer than 11 mm, usually acute, with petioles to 2 mm, solitary flowers (2 or 3 flowers per inflorescence on end shoots), and villous hypanthium becoming glabrate (G. Klotz 1963).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 467. FNA vol. 9, p. 458.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster
Sibling taxa
C. adpressus, C. atropurpureus, C. cochleatus, C. conspicuus, C. crispii, C. dammeri, C. dielsianus, C. divaricatus, C. fangianus, C. franchetii, C. frigidus, C. gamblei, C. hjelmqvistii, C. hodjingensis, C. horizontalis, C. integrifolius, C. lacteus, C. lucidus, C. magnificus, C. miniatus, C. monopyrenus, C. nitens, C. pannosus, C. qungbixiensis, C. rehderi, C. salicifolius, C. simonsii, C. sternianus, C. tengyuehensis, C. transens, C. vestitus, C. villosulus, C. ×suecicus
C. adpressus, C. atropurpureus, C. cochleatus, C. conspicuus, C. crispii, C. dammeri, C. dielsianus, C. divaricatus, C. fangianus, C. franchetii, C. frigidus, C. gamblei, C. hjelmqvistii, C. horizontalis, C. integrifolius, C. lacteus, C. lucidus, C. magnificus, C. melanocarpus, C. miniatus, C. monopyrenus, C. nitens, C. pannosus, C. qungbixiensis, C. rehderi, C. salicifolius, C. simonsii, C. sternianus, C. tengyuehensis, C. transens, C. vestitus, C. villosulus, C. ×suecicus
Synonyms C. vulgaris var. melanocarpus
Name authority (Ledebour) Loddiges: Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 3: 223. (1847) G. Klotz: Wiss. Z. Martin-Luther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, Math.-Naturwiss. Reihe 12: 774. (1963)
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