Cotoneaster lucidus |
Cotoneaster simonsii |
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cotonéaster à feuilles aiguës, hedge cotoneaster, shiny cotoneaster |
Himalayan cotoneaster, khasiberry cotoneaster, simons' cotoneaster |
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Habit | Shrubs, 1.5–2.5 m. Stems erect, arching, or spreading; branches spiraled or distichous, dense, greenish gray to maroon, not lenticellate, initially strigose. | Shrubs, 2–4(–6) m; ± strict or ascending, crown narrow or ± columnar. |
Stems | erect, stiff; branches spiraled, divaricate, lateral branches ± straight, mostly suppressed, short, grayish brown, initially densely strigose. |
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Leaves | deciduous; petiole 4–8 mm, strigose; blade elliptic or ovate, sometimes obovate, 28–50(–65) x 17–32(–40) mm, chartaceous, base cuneate or rounded, margins flat, not revolute, veins 3–5, sunken, apex short-acuminate or acute, abaxial surfaces green, sparsely pilose-strigose, adaxial dark green, intensely shiny, not glaucous, flat or scarcely bulging between lateral veins, slightly rugose, initially sparsely strigose; fall leaves intense dark red, yellow, or orange. |
deciduous (sometimes tardily so on vigorous sprouts); petiole 3–5 mm, strigose; blade on vigorous shoots broadly elliptic to ovate, sometimes elliptic, rarely suborbiculate, 17–36 × 10–25 mm, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, base obtuse or cuneate, margins flat, veins 4 or 5, superficial or slightly sunken, apex acuminate or acute, abaxial surfaces light green, initially strigose, usually becoming sparsely so, adaxial green to dark green, shiny, not glaucous, flat or faintly bulging between lateral veins, or slightly rugose, sparsely strigose; fall leaves yellow to bright orange or fiery red. |
Inflorescences | on fertile shoots 25–50 mm with 4 or 5 leaves, 2–6(–15)-flowered, lax. |
on fertile shoots 15–30 mm with 4 leaves, 2–6-flowered, compact. |
Pedicels | 5–12 mm, sparsely pilose. |
2–5 mm, strigose. |
Flowers | 5.5–8 mm, largely open; hypanthium cupulate, base sparsely pilose, glabrescent; sepals: margins villous, apex acute or acuminate, surfaces glabrous; petals erect, pinkish white, sometimes green-tinged, base dark pink or reddish; stamens 18–20, filaments pink, base dark pink, anthers white; styles 2 or 3. |
pendent, (5–)8–10 mm, open; hypanthium campanulate, strigose; sepals: margins villous, borders narrow, glabrous, apex recurved, long acuminate or cuspidate, surfaces strigose; petals erect-incurved, dark red with white border; stamens 20, filaments pink, anthers white; styles (2 or)3–5. |
Pomes | black, broadly obovoid to obovoid, rarely ellipsoid or globose, (8–)9.5–12.1 x (7.5–)8.7–11.8 mm, shiny, glaucous, sparsely pilose; sepals flat, margins villous, sparsely pilose; navel open; style remnants 2/3 from base. |
bright orange to orange-red, usually obovoid, rarely cylindric or broadly obovoid, 7–14 × 6–10 mm, shiny, not glaucous, glabrous or sparsely villous; sepals erect or ascending, rarely nearly flat, margins villous, glabrous or sparsely villous; navel open; style remnants 2/3 from base. |
Pyrenes | 2 or 3. |
(2 or)3–5. |
2n | = 68 (Germany). |
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Cotoneaster lucidus |
Cotoneaster simonsii |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul (sometimes reflowering in Sep); fruiting Jul–Oct. | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Oct–Apr. |
Habitat | Deciduous or coniferous forests, ravines, lakeshores, forested dunes, thickets, edges | Shores, clearings, disturbed or open forests, thickets |
Elevation | 0–2300 m (0–7500 ft) | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) |
Distribution |
CO; ID; IN; MN; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; QC; SK; Asia (Mongolia, Siberian Russia) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe] |
CA; OR; TN; WA; BC; Asia (Bhutan, India) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand)]
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Discussion | Leaf glossiness is often retained on herbarium specimens and is visible with strong lighting and magnification. Plants of Cotoneaster acutifolius of China and Mongolia are seldom seen in cultivation. Reports of it naturalized in North America are here referred to the commonly cultivated C. lucidus, which tolerates continental winters. No specimens have been seen to support reports of the latter from Montana and Oregon. Some reports of C. melanocarpus from Alberta and Manitoba (H. J. Scoggan 1978–1979, part 3) are here referred to C. lucidus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Reports of Cotoneaster simonsii from Ohio (M. A. Vincent and A. W. Cusick 1998; T. S. Cooperrider et al. 2001) are here referred to C. divaricatus. The binomial C. symondsii T. Moore was proposed as an earlier name for C. simonsii (A. Kumar and G. Panigrahi 1992; W. B. Dickoré and G. Kasperek 2010), but J. Fryer and P. F. Zika (2014) typified C. symondsii so that it is a synonym of the high Himalayan species C. marginatus Lindley ex Loudon. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 463. | FNA vol. 9, p. 460. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. acutifolius var. lucidus | |
Name authority | Schlechtendal: Linnaea 27: 541. (1854) | Baker: in W. W. Saunders, Refug. Bot. 1: plate 55. (1869) |
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