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cotoneaster, Franchet's cotoneaster, orange cotoneaster

tree cotoneaster

Habit Shrubs, 2–3 m. Stems erect, arching, lax, slender; branches distichous, maroon, initially densely pilose-strigose. Shrubs or trees, 5–15 m. Stems loosely erect, spreading; branches spiraled, dark brown, initially downy.
Leaves

persistent, often 30–40 mm apart;

petiole 2–4 mm, tomentose-pilose;

blade ovate or elliptic, 22–58 × 12–29 mm, coriaceous, base cuneate or obtuse, margins flat, veins 4 or 5, sunken, apex acute or acuminate, mucronate, abaxial surfaces silvery-tomentose, adaxial grayish green, slightly shiny, not glaucous, flat, rarely slightly bulging between lateral veins, drying slightly rugose, pilose.

deciduous;

petiole 5–8 mm, densely villose to tomentose;

blade narrowly elliptic (to lance-elliptic or narrowly obovate), 55–150 × 19–55 mm, membranous, base cuneate, margins flat, veins 6–10, superficial or slightly sunken, apex acute, abaxial surfaces color not recorded, villous at least near midvein, adaxial green, dull, coating not recorded, flat between lateral veins, glabrous except villous midrib.

Inflorescences

on fertile shoots 30–60 mm with 4 leaves, 5–15(–25)-flowered, compact.

on fertile shoots 60–80 mm with 2–4 leaves, 20–60-flowered, lax.

Pedicels

1–4 mm, densely long-silky hairy.

length not recorded, densely tomentose.

Flowers

(5–)7–8(–10) mm, opening small;

hypanthium cupulate, densely long-silky hairy;

sepals: margins villous, borders purple, glabrous, apex cuspidate or acuminate, surfaces silky hairy;

petals erect-incurved, pink or red, base dark pink to dark red, margins off-white;

stamens 16–21, filaments pink, distally white, anthers pink or purplish pink;

styles 2 or 3(or 4).

6–7 mm diam.;

buds white;

hypanthium cupulate [subcylindric], tomentose;

sepals: margins tomentose, apex acute, surfaces densely villous;

petals spreading, white, glabrous or with hair tuft;

stamens 20, filaments white, anthers purple;

styles 2.

Pomes

orange-red, obovoid base rounded or obconic base cuneate, straight-sided, 8–12 × 6–9 mm, apex flat, shiny, not glaucous, sparsely pilose;

sepals flat, often asymmetric with 2 sepals longer than others, tomentose;

navel slightly open;

style remnants 3/4 from base.

bright red, subglobose to ellipsoid, 4–6 × 4–5 mm, shiny, not glaucous, sparsely villous;

sepals erect or ascending, margins tomentose, densely villous;

navel hidden;

style remnants near apex.

Pyrenes

2 or 3(or 4).

2.

2n

= 68 (Germany).

= 34 (India).

Cotoneaster franchetii

Cotoneaster frigidus

Phenology Flowering May–Jul; fruiting Oct–Apr. Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct.
Habitat Edges, thickets, disturbed forests, flood plains, urban waste ground, mossy ledges, wet prairie remnants North-facing canyon slopes
Elevation 0–700 m (0–2300 ft) 0–500 m (0–1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Asia (Himalaya Mountains) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Reports of Cotoneaster franchetii from Colorado (J. Ells 2006) are here referred to C. lucidus. A few specimens escaped in Washington have red filaments, not pink, but otherwise agree with C. franchetii. Other escapes in Washington suggest the closely related C. wardii W. W. Smith, distinguished by semievergreen habit, longer fertile shoots, more lax and elongate inflorescences, and white anthers. The entire complex needs biosystematic review.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Reports of Cotoneaster frigidus from Washington (F. C. Weinmann 2000; A. L. Jacobson 2001; J. T. Kartesz 2006) are here referred to C. gamblei, plants having larger fruits tending to be obovoid, less densely pubescent inflorescences, and with thicker, more persistent leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 465. FNA vol. 9, p. 456.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster
Sibling taxa
C. adpressus, C. atropurpureus, C. cochleatus, C. conspicuus, C. crispii, C. dammeri, C. dielsianus, C. divaricatus, C. fangianus, C. frigidus, C. gamblei, C. hjelmqvistii, C. hodjingensis, C. horizontalis, C. integrifolius, C. lacteus, C. lucidus, C. magnificus, C. melanocarpus, C. miniatus, C. monopyrenus, C. nitens, C. pannosus, C. qungbixiensis, C. rehderi, C. salicifolius, C. simonsii, C. sternianus, C. tengyuehensis, C. transens, C. vestitus, C. villosulus, C. ×suecicus
C. adpressus, C. atropurpureus, C. cochleatus, C. conspicuus, C. crispii, C. dammeri, C. dielsianus, C. divaricatus, C. fangianus, C. franchetii, C. gamblei, C. hjelmqvistii, C. hodjingensis, C. horizontalis, C. integrifolius, C. lacteus, C. lucidus, C. magnificus, C. melanocarpus, C. miniatus, C. monopyrenus, C. nitens, C. pannosus, C. qungbixiensis, C. rehderi, C. salicifolius, C. simonsii, C. sternianus, C. tengyuehensis, C. transens, C. vestitus, C. villosulus, C. ×suecicus
Name authority Bois: Rev. Hort. 74: 380, figs. 159–161, 164. (1902) Wallich ex Lindley: Edwards's Bot. Reg. 15: plate 1229. (1829)
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