Cotoneaster divaricatus |
Cotoneaster tengyuehensis |
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bearberry cotoneaster, spreading cotoneaster, stretch-fruit cotoneaster |
cotoneaster, Tengyueh cotoneaster |
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Habit | Shrubs, 1.5–2 m; crown spreading, rounded. | Shrubs, 2–2.5 m; crown ± rounded. |
Stems | erect; branches divaricate or spiraled, spreading, lateral branches well developed, usually arching, long, brownish violet, initially strigose. |
erect, arching, long; branches distichous, grayish maroon, initially densely strigose. |
Leaves | deciduous; petiole 3–4 mm, strigose; blade elliptic, rarely ovate or suborbiculate, on sterile shoots usually elliptic or broadly elliptic, 10–30 × 7–21 mm, chartaceous, base obtuse, margins flat, not revolute, sometimes undulate, veins 3 or 4, superficial or slightly sunken, apex acute, rarely acuminate, abaxial surfaces pale green, initially strigose, adaxial dark green, shiny, not glaucous, flat between lateral veins, initially sparsely strigose; fall leaves orange, red, or reddish purple. |
deciduous (sometimes tardily so on vigorous shoots); petiole 1–4 mm, strigose; blade ovate or elliptic, (25–)30–50(–61) x 12–32 mm, chartaceous, base cuneate or rounded, margins flat, veins 3–5, deeply sunken, apex acuminate or acute, abaxial surfaces grayish green, villose-strigose or sparsely to moderately gray-tomentose, adaxial green to dark green, shiny, not glaucous, flat or faintly bulging between lateral veins, pilose-strigose; fall leaves yellow to orange. |
Inflorescences | on fertile shoots 10–20 mm with 4 leaves, 1–4-flowered, compact. |
on fertile shoots 25–40 mm with (3 or)4 leaves, 3–7(–9)-flowered, compact. |
Pedicels | 1–3 mm, strigose. |
1–4 mm, densely strigose. |
Flowers | 6–8 mm, opening small; hypanthium cupulate, strigose; sepals: margins villous, apex acute or acuminate, surfaces strigose; petals erect-incurved, pale red, base dark red, border white; stamens 10–15, filaments dark red, whitish distally, anthers white; styles (1 or)2(or 3). |
erect or ascending, [5–]6–8 mm, opening small; hypanthium cupulate, strigose; sepals: margins villous, borders reddish brown, glabrous, apex acuminate or cuspidate, surfaces strigose; petals erect-incurved, pink to red, base dark pink or red, rarely dark red or maroon, margins white; stamens 20 or 21, filaments pink or pale pink, whitish distally, anthers white; styles (2 or)3–5. |
Pomes | dark red to ruby (finally blackish red), cylindric, oblong-ellipsoid, or narrowly obovoid, 8–11 × 4–8 mm, shiny, not glaucous, sparsely pilose; sepals suberect, sparsely pilose; navel open; style remnants 2/3 from base. |
spreading or pendent, bright red, broadly obovoid or subglobose, rarely oblong-obovoid, 6.3–10.4 × 5.8–9.1 mm, shiny, not glaucous, sparsely strigose; sepals flat or suberect, strigose; navel closed; style remnants 2/3 from base. |
Pyrenes | (1 or)2(or 3) [rarely 4]. |
(2 or)3–5. |
2n | = 68 (Germany). |
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Cotoneaster divaricatus |
Cotoneaster tengyuehensis |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Sep–Dec. | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Feb. |
Habitat | Thickets, edges, disturbed forests, flood plains, rarely epiphytic on maple | Thickets, creek banks, open forests, edges |
Elevation | 0–700 m (0–2300 ft) | 0–50 m (0–200 ft) |
Distribution |
IL; IN; KY; MA; MI; NY; OH; OR; PA; WA; WI; BC; ON; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe]
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WA; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe] |
Discussion | Although rarely collected, Cotoneaster divaricatus is the most widely escaped cotoneaster in eastern North America. Misidentified specimens of it have been reported from New York as C. hupehensis Rehder & E. H. Wilson (R. S. Mitchell and G. C. Tucker 1997), from Illinois as C. acutifolius (J. T. Kartesz and C. A. Meacham 2003), from Indiana and Ontario as C. horizontalis (Kartesz and Meacham), from Kentucky as C. apiculatus Rehder & E. H. Wilson (Kartesz and Meacham), and from Wisconsin as C. lucidus (Kartesz and Meacham). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
L. Lingdi and A. R. Brach (2003) confused Cotoneaster tengyuehensis with C. glomerulatus W. W. Smith, a species with small fruits 5 mm in diameter, with 5 pyrenes and styles, and slightly smaller leaves to 40–50 mm. In the flora area, C. tengyuehensis is more likely to be mistaken for C. franchetii, which is a true evergreen with orange-red, obovate to obconic fruits, and pink to purple stamens. Naturalized shrubs of C. tengyuehensis drop their foliage in midwinter. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 461. | FNA vol. 9, p. 465. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Rehder & E. H. Wilson: in C. S. Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1: 157. (1912) | J. Fryer & B. Hylmö: Watsonia 21: 338. (1997) |
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