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bearberry cotoneaster

Himalayan cotoneaster, khasiberry cotoneaster, simons' cotoneaster

Habit Shrubs, to 0.2 m. Stems carpeting or procumbent, rooting, to 1.5 m, pliant; branches distichous or spiraled, greenish to light brown, densely lenticellate, initially pilose-strigose. Shrubs, 2–4(–6) m; ± strict or ascending, crown narrow or ± columnar.
Stems

erect, stiff;

branches spiraled, divaricate, lateral branches ± straight, mostly suppressed, short, grayish brown, initially densely strigose.

Leaves

persistent;

petiole 2–9 mm, villose-strigose;

blade elliptic or obovate, rarely suborbiculate, 13–43 × 6–26 mm, coriaceous, base cuneate or obtuse, margins revolute, veins 5–8, sunken, apex obtuse or acute, rarely retuse, abaxial surfaces grayish green, reticulate, initially villous, adaxial light green to green, intensely shiny, not glaucous, reticulate-rugose, not bulging between lateral veins, often single hairs on midrib.

deciduous (sometimes tardily so on vigorous sprouts);

petiole 3–5 mm, strigose;

blade on vigorous shoots broadly elliptic to ovate, sometimes elliptic, rarely suborbiculate, 17–36 × 10–25 mm, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, base obtuse or cuneate, margins flat, veins 4 or 5, superficial or slightly sunken, apex acuminate or acute, abaxial surfaces light green, initially strigose, usually becoming sparsely so, adaxial green to dark green, shiny, not glaucous, flat or faintly bulging between lateral veins, or slightly rugose, sparsely strigose;

fall leaves yellow to bright orange or fiery red.

Inflorescences

on fertile shoots 20–40 mm, usually with 4 leaves, (1 or)2 or 3(or 4)-flowered, compact.

on fertile shoots 15–30 mm with 4 leaves, 2–6-flowered, compact.

Pedicels

4–15 mm, thin, villose-strigose.

2–5 mm, strigose.

Flowers

slightly pendent, 10–12 mm diam.;

buds white;

hypanthium cupulate, sparsely pilose-strigose;

sepals: margins sparsely villous, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces sparsely pilose-strigose;

petals spreading, white, glabrous;

stamens 20, filaments white, anthers purple-black;

styles 4 or 5.

pendent, (5–)8–10 mm, open;

hypanthium campanulate, strigose;

sepals: margins villous, borders narrow, glabrous, apex recurved, long acuminate or cuspidate, surfaces strigose;

petals erect-incurved, dark red with white border;

stamens 20, filaments pink, anthers white;

styles (2 or)3–5.

Pomes

bright red, obovoid to broadly obovoid, rarely globose, 6–10 × 6–8 mm, shiny, not glaucous, glabrous;

sepals suberect, glabrous;

navel open;

style remnants at apex.

bright orange to orange-red, usually obovoid, rarely cylindric or broadly obovoid, 7–14 × 6–10 mm, shiny, not glaucous, glabrous or sparsely villous;

sepals erect or ascending, rarely nearly flat, margins villous, glabrous or sparsely villous;

navel open;

style remnants 2/3 from base.

Pyrenes

4 or 5.

(2 or)3–5.

2n

= 34 (Germany).

Cotoneaster dammeri

Cotoneaster simonsii

Phenology Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Apr. Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Oct–Apr.
Habitat Disturbed forests, grassy banks, rock roadcuts, urban waste ground Shores, clearings, disturbed or open forests, thickets
Elevation 0–200 m (0–700 ft) 0–200 m (0–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
WA; BC; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR; TN; WA; BC; Asia (Bhutan, India) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Reports of Cotoneaster simonsii from Ohio (M. A. Vincent and A. W. Cusick 1998; T. S. Cooperrider et al. 2001) are here referred to C. divaricatus. The binomial C. symondsii T. Moore was proposed as an earlier name for C. simonsii (A. Kumar and G. Panigrahi 1992; W. B. Dickoré and G. Kasperek 2010), but J. Fryer and P. F. Zika (2014) typified C. symondsii so that it is a synonym of the high Himalayan species C. marginatus Lindley ex Loudon.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 459. FNA vol. 9, p. 460.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster
Sibling taxa
C. adpressus, C. atropurpureus, C. cochleatus, C. conspicuus, C. crispii, C. dielsianus, C. divaricatus, C. fangianus, C. franchetii, C. frigidus, C. gamblei, C. hjelmqvistii, C. hodjingensis, C. horizontalis, C. integrifolius, C. lacteus, C. lucidus, C. magnificus, C. melanocarpus, C. miniatus, C. monopyrenus, C. nitens, C. pannosus, C. qungbixiensis, C. rehderi, C. salicifolius, C. simonsii, C. sternianus, C. tengyuehensis, C. transens, C. vestitus, C. villosulus, C. ×suecicus
C. adpressus, C. atropurpureus, C. cochleatus, C. conspicuus, C. crispii, C. dammeri, C. dielsianus, C. divaricatus, C. fangianus, C. franchetii, C. frigidus, C. gamblei, C. hjelmqvistii, C. hodjingensis, C. horizontalis, C. integrifolius, C. lacteus, C. lucidus, C. magnificus, C. melanocarpus, C. miniatus, C. monopyrenus, C. nitens, C. pannosus, C. qungbixiensis, C. rehderi, C. salicifolius, C. sternianus, C. tengyuehensis, C. transens, C. vestitus, C. villosulus, C. ×suecicus
Name authority C. K. Schneider: Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 761, figs. 429 h–k. (1906) Baker: in W. W. Saunders, Refug. Bot. 1: plate 55. (1869)
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