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bearberry cotoneaster

herringbone cotoneaster, rock cotoneaster, rockspray cotoneaster, wall cotoneaster, wall or herringbone cotoneaster

Habit Shrubs, to 0.2 m. Stems carpeting or procumbent, rooting, to 1.5 m, pliant; branches distichous or spiraled, greenish to light brown, densely lenticellate, initially pilose-strigose. Shrubs, 0.5–1 m. Stems ascending to erect, spreading horizontally; branches distichous, maroon, initially densely yellow-strigose.
Leaves

persistent;

petiole 2–9 mm, villose-strigose;

blade elliptic or obovate, rarely suborbiculate, 13–43 × 6–26 mm, coriaceous, base cuneate or obtuse, margins revolute, veins 5–8, sunken, apex obtuse or acute, rarely retuse, abaxial surfaces grayish green, reticulate, initially villous, adaxial light green to green, intensely shiny, not glaucous, reticulate-rugose, not bulging between lateral veins, often single hairs on midrib.

deciduous (tardily so on a few vigorous shoots);

petiole 2–3 mm, strigose;

blade elliptic or broadly elliptic, on vigorous shoots usually broadly elliptic, sometimes suborbiculate, orbiculate, or broadly obovate, 4–14 × 5–9 mm, subcoriaceous, base obtuse or cuneate, margins flat, veins 2–4, superficial, apex acute, apiculate or obtuse, mucronulate, abaxial surfaces green, sparsely long-strigose, adaxial dark green, shiny, not glaucous, flat between lateral veins, smooth to slightly rugose, glabrescent;

fall leaves orange to rich red.

Inflorescences

on fertile shoots 20–40 mm, usually with 4 leaves, (1 or)2 or 3(or 4)-flowered, compact.

on fertile shoots 8–20 mm with 3 or 4 leaves, 1–3-flowered, compact.

Pedicels

4–15 mm, thin, villose-strigose.

1–2 mm, strigose.

Flowers

slightly pendent, 10–12 mm diam.;

buds white;

hypanthium cupulate, sparsely pilose-strigose;

sepals: margins sparsely villous, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces sparsely pilose-strigose;

petals spreading, white, glabrous;

stamens 20, filaments white, anthers purple-black;

styles 4 or 5.

5–7 mm, closed;

hypanthium funnelform, sparsely pilose-strigose;

sepals: margins villous, apex acute or acuminate, surfaces sparsely strigose;

petals erect-incurved, dark pink to dark red, base blackish red, margins pale crimson;

stamens (8–)10(–14), filaments dark red, anthers white;

styles 2 or 3(or 4).

Pomes

bright red, obovoid to broadly obovoid, rarely globose, 6–10 × 6–8 mm, shiny, not glaucous, glabrous;

sepals suberect, glabrous;

navel open;

style remnants at apex.

bright red, usually broadly obovoid, sometimes obovoid, rarely subglobose, 5–8.5 × 4.5–7.7 mm, shiny, not glaucous, glabrate;

sepals suberect, sparsely strigose or glabrate;

navel open;

style remnants 1/2–3/4 from base.

Pyrenes

4 or 5.

2 or 3(or 4), distinct.

2n

= 34 (Germany).

= 68 (Germany).

Cotoneaster dammeri

Cotoneaster horizontalis

Phenology Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Apr. Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Sep–Mar.
Habitat Disturbed forests, grassy banks, rock roadcuts, urban waste ground Thickets, disturbed forests, paths, cliffs, pilings, rockwork
Elevation 0–200 m (0–700 ft) 0–500 m (0–1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
WA; BC; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

L. Lingdi and A. R. Brach (2003) included within Cotoneaster horizontalis several taxa recognized here as distinct species, including C. flinckii J. Fryer & B. Hylmö and C. perpusillus (C. K. Schneider) Flinck & B. Hylmö. Reports of C. horizontalis from Ontario (J. K. Morton and J. M. Venn 1990) are here referred to C. divaricatus. Reports of C. horizontalis from Indiana are not supported by specimens.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 459. FNA vol. 9, p. 462.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster
Sibling taxa
C. adpressus, C. atropurpureus, C. cochleatus, C. conspicuus, C. crispii, C. dielsianus, C. divaricatus, C. fangianus, C. franchetii, C. frigidus, C. gamblei, C. hjelmqvistii, C. hodjingensis, C. horizontalis, C. integrifolius, C. lacteus, C. lucidus, C. magnificus, C. melanocarpus, C. miniatus, C. monopyrenus, C. nitens, C. pannosus, C. qungbixiensis, C. rehderi, C. salicifolius, C. simonsii, C. sternianus, C. tengyuehensis, C. transens, C. vestitus, C. villosulus, C. ×suecicus
C. adpressus, C. atropurpureus, C. cochleatus, C. conspicuus, C. crispii, C. dammeri, C. dielsianus, C. divaricatus, C. fangianus, C. franchetii, C. frigidus, C. gamblei, C. hjelmqvistii, C. hodjingensis, C. integrifolius, C. lacteus, C. lucidus, C. magnificus, C. melanocarpus, C. miniatus, C. monopyrenus, C. nitens, C. pannosus, C. qungbixiensis, C. rehderi, C. salicifolius, C. simonsii, C. sternianus, C. tengyuehensis, C. transens, C. vestitus, C. villosulus, C. ×suecicus
Name authority C. K. Schneider: Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 761, figs. 429 h–k. (1906) Decaisne: Ann. Gén. Hort. 22: 168. (1877)
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