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necklace cotoneaster, winter-green cotoneaster

cotoneaster, Franchet's cotoneaster, orange cotoneaster

Habit Shrubs, 0.5–1[–2.5] m. Stems weakly ascending or mound-forming [prostrate]; branches spiraled or distichous, dense, maroon, initially strigose. Shrubs, 2–3 m. Stems erect, arching, lax, slender; branches distichous, maroon, initially densely pilose-strigose.
Leaves

persistent;

petiole 1–3 mm, pilose-strigose;

blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic, rarely lanceolate, 6–12(–20) x 2–6(–8) mm, subcoriaceous or coriaceous, base cuneate, margins revolute, veins 3–5, superficial, apex obtuse or acute, abaxial surfaces grayish green, reticulate, initially pilose-strigose, adaxial grayish green [rarely green], dull to slightly shiny, coating not recorded, slightly rugose, sparsely pilose or glabrous.

persistent, often 30–40 mm apart;

petiole 2–4 mm, tomentose-pilose;

blade ovate or elliptic, 22–58 × 12–29 mm, coriaceous, base cuneate or obtuse, margins flat, veins 4 or 5, sunken, apex acute or acuminate, mucronate, abaxial surfaces silvery-tomentose, adaxial grayish green, slightly shiny, not glaucous, flat, rarely slightly bulging between lateral veins, drying slightly rugose, pilose.

Inflorescences

on fertile shoots 8–12 mm with 3 or 4 leaves, 1-flowered, 2–4-flowered on shoot tips.

on fertile shoots 30–60 mm with 4 leaves, 5–15(–25)-flowered, compact.

Pedicels

1–3 mm, pilose-strigose.

1–4 mm, densely long-silky hairy.

Flowers

9–13 mm diam.;

buds pink;

hypanthium cupulate, pilose-strigose;

sepals: margins villous, borders mostly reddish, membranous, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces pilose-strigose;

petals spreading, white;

stamens 17–21, filaments white, anthers purple-black;

styles 2(or 3).

(5–)7–8(–10) mm, opening small;

hypanthium cupulate, densely long-silky hairy;

sepals: margins villous, borders purple, glabrous, apex cuspidate or acuminate, surfaces silky hairy;

petals erect-incurved, pink or red, base dark pink to dark red, margins off-white;

stamens 16–21, filaments pink, distally white, anthers pink or purplish pink;

styles 2 or 3(or 4).

Pomes

orange-red to red, depressed-globose, 8–10 × 9–11 mm, shiny, not glaucous, glabrous;

sepals suberect, pilose;

navel not recorded;

style remnants at elongated apex.

orange-red, obovoid base rounded or obconic base cuneate, straight-sided, 8–12 × 6–9 mm, apex flat, shiny, not glaucous, sparsely pilose;

sepals flat, often asymmetric with 2 sepals longer than others, tomentose;

navel slightly open;

style remnants 3/4 from base.

Pyrenes

2(or 3).

2 or 3(or 4).

2n

= 34 (Germany).

= 68 (Germany).

Cotoneaster conspicuus

Cotoneaster franchetii

Phenology Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Oct–May. Flowering May–Jul; fruiting Oct–Apr.
Habitat Brushy edges in urban areas Edges, thickets, disturbed forests, flood plains, urban waste ground, mossy ledges, wet prairie remnants
Elevation 0–50 m (0–200 ft) 0–700 m (0–2300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
WA; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

G. Klotz (1963) emended the diagnosis of Cotoneaster conspicuus to recognize erect plants as var. conspicuus and more decumbent plants as var. decorus. This variation in habit is not significant taxonomically and not unusual for an outcrossing diploid, so the emended description by Klotz of the species is superfluous.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Reports of Cotoneaster franchetii from Colorado (J. Ells 2006) are here referred to C. lucidus. A few specimens escaped in Washington have red filaments, not pink, but otherwise agree with C. franchetii. Other escapes in Washington suggest the closely related C. wardii W. W. Smith, distinguished by semievergreen habit, longer fertile shoots, more lax and elongate inflorescences, and white anthers. The entire complex needs biosystematic review.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 457. FNA vol. 9, p. 465.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Cotoneaster
Sibling taxa
C. adpressus, C. atropurpureus, C. cochleatus, C. crispii, C. dammeri, C. dielsianus, C. divaricatus, C. fangianus, C. franchetii, C. frigidus, C. gamblei, C. hjelmqvistii, C. hodjingensis, C. horizontalis, C. integrifolius, C. lacteus, C. lucidus, C. magnificus, C. melanocarpus, C. miniatus, C. monopyrenus, C. nitens, C. pannosus, C. qungbixiensis, C. rehderi, C. salicifolius, C. simonsii, C. sternianus, C. tengyuehensis, C. transens, C. vestitus, C. villosulus, C. ×suecicus
C. adpressus, C. atropurpureus, C. cochleatus, C. conspicuus, C. crispii, C. dammeri, C. dielsianus, C. divaricatus, C. fangianus, C. frigidus, C. gamblei, C. hjelmqvistii, C. hodjingensis, C. horizontalis, C. integrifolius, C. lacteus, C. lucidus, C. magnificus, C. melanocarpus, C. miniatus, C. monopyrenus, C. nitens, C. pannosus, C. qungbixiensis, C. rehderi, C. salicifolius, C. simonsii, C. sternianus, C. tengyuehensis, C. transens, C. vestitus, C. villosulus, C. ×suecicus
Synonyms C. microphyllus var. conspicuus, C. conspicuus var. decorus, C. conspicuus var. nanus, C. nanus, C. permutatus
Name authority (Messel) Messel: J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 59: 303. (1934) Bois: Rev. Hort. 74: 380, figs. 159–161, 164. (1902)
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