Cotoneaster cochleatus |
Cotoneaster horizontalis |
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Yunnan cotoneaster |
herringbone cotoneaster, rock cotoneaster, rockspray cotoneaster, wall cotoneaster, wall or herringbone cotoneaster |
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Habit | Shrubs, to 0.4 m. Stems prostrate or nearly so, carpeting, rooting; branches spiraled and distichous, dense, red to purple-black, slender, initially yellow-green strigose. | Shrubs, 0.5–1 m. Stems ascending to erect, spreading horizontally; branches distichous, maroon, initially densely yellow-strigose. |
Leaves | persistent; petiole 1–4 mm, strigose; blade obovate to broadly obovate, rarely suborbiculate, 5–14 × 3–9 mm, coriaceous, base obtuse or broadly cuneate, margins slightly revolute, veins 2 or 3, superficial, apex obtuse, sometimes emarginate, abaxial surfaces grayish, reticulate, initially densely strigose-villous, adaxial dark green, shiny, not glaucous, sometimes lightly rugose, glabrescent. |
deciduous (tardily so on a few vigorous shoots); petiole 2–3 mm, strigose; blade elliptic or broadly elliptic, on vigorous shoots usually broadly elliptic, sometimes suborbiculate, orbiculate, or broadly obovate, 4–14 × 5–9 mm, subcoriaceous, base obtuse or cuneate, margins flat, veins 2–4, superficial, apex acute, apiculate or obtuse, mucronulate, abaxial surfaces green, sparsely long-strigose, adaxial dark green, shiny, not glaucous, flat between lateral veins, smooth to slightly rugose, glabrescent; fall leaves orange to rich red. |
Inflorescences | on fertile shoots 8–15 mm, usually with 4 leaves, 1(–3)-flowered. |
on fertile shoots 8–20 mm with 3 or 4 leaves, 1–3-flowered, compact. |
Pedicels | 3–5 mm, strigose. |
1–2 mm, strigose. |
Flowers | 7–10 mm diam.; buds pinkish; hypanthium cupulate, strigose or pilose-strigose; sepals: margins villous, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces initially sparsely pilose-strigose; petals spreading, white, glabrous; stamens (15–)20, filaments white, anthers dark purple; styles 2(or 3). |
5–7 mm, closed; hypanthium funnelform, sparsely pilose-strigose; sepals: margins villous, apex acute or acuminate, surfaces sparsely strigose; petals erect-incurved, dark pink to dark red, base blackish red, margins pale crimson; stamens (8–)10(–14), filaments dark red, anthers white; styles 2 or 3(or 4). |
Pomes | bright red to crimson, subglobose, 7–9 × 8–10 mm, slightly shiny, not glaucous, sparsely pilose; sepals suberect, sparsely strigose; navel slightly open; style remnants at apex on small projection. |
bright red, usually broadly obovoid, sometimes obovoid, rarely subglobose, 5–8.5 × 4.5–7.7 mm, shiny, not glaucous, glabrate; sepals suberect, sparsely strigose or glabrate; navel open; style remnants 1/2–3/4 from base. |
Pyrenes | 2(or 3). |
2 or 3(or 4), distinct. |
2n | = 68 (Germany). |
= 68 (Germany). |
Cotoneaster cochleatus |
Cotoneaster horizontalis |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Nov. | Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Sep–Mar. |
Habitat | Forest edges | Thickets, disturbed forests, paths, cliffs, pilings, rockwork |
Elevation | 0–50 m (0–200 ft) | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) |
Distribution |
NY; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe] |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe]
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Discussion | Cotoneaster cochleatus was treated as a variety of C. microphyllus by L. Lingdi and A. R. Brach (2003); here the two are distinguished at species rank, following H. Nybom et al. (2005). Plants of C. microphyllus have a suberect habit, usually elliptic leaves (rarely broadly obovate) with acute apices, and pomes 6 mm wide; C. cochleatus is always prostrate and has usually obovate leaves (rarely suborbiculate) with blunt apices, and pomes 8–10 mm wide. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
L. Lingdi and A. R. Brach (2003) included within Cotoneaster horizontalis several taxa recognized here as distinct species, including C. flinckii J. Fryer & B. Hylmö and C. perpusillus (C. K. Schneider) Flinck & B. Hylmö. Reports of C. horizontalis from Ontario (J. K. Morton and J. M. Venn 1990) are here referred to C. divaricatus. Reports of C. horizontalis from Indiana are not supported by specimens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 459. | FNA vol. 9, p. 462. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. buxifolius, C. microphyllus var. cochleatus, C. thymifolius var. cochleatus | |
Name authority | (Franchet) G. Klotz: Wiss. Z. Martin-Luther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, Math.-Naturwiss. Reihe 6: 952. (1957) | Decaisne: Ann. Gén. Hort. 22: 168. (1877) |
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