Flora of North America species comparison

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Corylus cornuta

beak hazel or hazelnut, beak hazelnut, California hazel, California hazelnut
Habit Shrubs or trees, open-spreading, 4–8(–15) m. Bark light to dark brown, smooth.
Branches

ascending;

twigs glabrous to sparsely pubescent, sometimes with glandular hairs.
Leaves

blade nearly orbiculate to narrowly ovate or ovate-oblong, often nearly angular and slightly lobulate near apex, 4–10 × 3.5–12 cm, thin to leathery, base narrowly cordate to narrowly rounded, margins coarsely and often irregularly doubly serrate, apex obtuse to acute or acuminate;

surfaces abaxially glabrous to moderately pubescent, usually pubescent on major veins and in vein axils.
Inflorescences

staminate catkins lateral along branchlets on short shoots, usually in clusters of 2–3, 4–6 × 0.5–0.8 cm;

peduncles 0.5–10 mm.
Winter

buds containing inflorescences ovoid, 3–5 × 3–4 mm, acute.
Nuts

in clusters of 2–6, completely concealed;

bracts bristly, connate at summit, lengthened into extended tubular beak.

Corylus cornuta
Distribution
from USDA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Corylus cornuta was used medicinally by Native Americans as an emetic, for teething, to expel worms, to heal cuts, and as an astringent (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Key
1. Leaf blade ovate to narrowly elliptic, apex distinctly acuminate; twigs and petioles without glandular hairs; involucral tubular beak 2 times or more length of fruit; small to large shrubs of e, c, n North America.
subsp. cornuta
1. Leaf blade nearly orbiculate or broadly elliptic, apex broadly acute to obtuse; twigs and petioles usually bearing glandular hairs; involucral tubular beak less than 2 times length of fruit; large shrubs or small trees of Pacific coastal region of North America.
subsp. californica
Source FNA vol. 3, p. 537.
Parent taxa Betulaceae > subfam. Coryloideae > Corylus
Sibling taxa
C. americana, C. avellana
Subordinate taxa
C. cornuta subsp. californica, C. cornuta subsp. cornuta
Name authority Marshall: Arbust. Amer., 37. (1785)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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