Corydalis micrantha |
Corydalis aurea |
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smallflower corydalis, smallflower fumewort |
corydalis dorée, golden corydalis, golden smoke, scrambled eggs |
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Habit | Plants winter annual, glaucous to nearly green, from somewhat succulent roots. | Plants winter annual or biennial, glaucous, from ± branched caudices. | ||||||||||||
Stems | 1-several, erect to prostrate-ascending, (1.5-)2-4(-6) dm. |
10-50, prostrate-ascending, 2-3.5 dm. |
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Leaves | crowded, compound; blade with 2 orders of leaflets and lobes; ultimate lobes ovate, oblong-elliptic, or obovate, margins incised, apex subapiculate. |
compound; blade with 3 orders of leaflets and lobes; ultimate lobes elliptic, 1.5 times or more longer than wide, margins incised, apex subapiculate. |
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Inflorescences | racemose, (6-)10-16(-20)-flowered, primary racemes slightly to conspicuously exceeding leaves, secondary racemes fewer flowered, exceeded by leaves, cleistogamous-flowered racemes frequently present, 1-5-flowered, inconspicuous; bracts elliptic to attenuate-ovate, 5-8 × 2-4 mm, margins denticulate, distal bracts usually much reduced, those of cleistogamous racemes minute. |
racemose, 10-20(-30)-flowered, primary racemes shorter than to slightly exceeding leaves, secondary racemes fewer flowered; bracts elliptic to linear, 4-10 × 1-2 mm, rarely larger, margins often denticulate toward apex, distal bracts usually much reduced. |
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Flowers | erect or spreading; pedicel 2-6 mm; sepals ovate, to 1.5 mm, margins often sinuate or dentate; petals pale to medium yellow; spurred petal slightly to strongly curved, (11-)12-14(-15) mm, spur straight, 4-7 mm, apex obtuse or ± globose, crest low, wrinkled, rarely obsolescent, marginal wing well developed, sometimes revolute, unspurred outer petal slightly bent, 9-11 mm, crest low; inner petals oblanceolate, 7-10 mm, blade apex 2 times or more wider than base, basal lobes obscure, claw 3-4 mm; nectariferous spur straight or curved, sometimes clavate, ca. 3/5 length of petal spur; style ca. 4 mm; stigma rectangular, 2-lobed, 1/2 as long as wide, with 8 papillae. |
at first erect, later reflexed; pedicel 5-10 mm; sepals ovate to attenuate-ovate, to 1-3 mm, margins often sinuate or dentate; petals pale to bright yellow; spurred petal 13-16 mm, spur straight or slightly incurved, 4-5 mm, apex subglobose, crest low and incised or absent, marginal wing moderately to well developed, unspurred outer petal 9-11 mm, crest same as that of spurred petal; inner petals oblanceolate, 8-10 mm, blade wider than claw and more prominently winged toward apex, claw 3.5-4.5 mm; nectariferous spur 2-3 mm; style ca. 3 mm; stigma 2-lobed, 1/2 as long as wide, with 8 papillae. |
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Capsules | erect, linear, slender, straight to slightly incurved, 10-35 mm, essentially glabrous, usually shorter in cleistogamous-flowered racemes. |
erect to pendent at maturity, linear, often torulose, slender to somewhat stout, straight to moderately incurved, 12-24(-30) mm. |
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Seeds | ca. 1.5 mm diam., concentrically and minutely decorated, marginal ring absent. |
nearly 2 mm diam., appearing essentially smooth under magnification, narrow marginal ring present or absent. |
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Corydalis micrantha |
Corydalis aurea |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; KS; LA; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; OK; SC; SD; TN; TX; WI
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; IL; KS; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SD; TX; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; Mexico
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Discussion | Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). Corydalis micrantha can be distinguished readily from other yellow-flowered North American species by its very small seeds. Cleistogamy is encountered regularly in C. micrantha. A single plant from any part of the range may have only cleistogamous flowers, only chasmogamous flowers, or both types. Plants having only cleistogamous flowers usually are much more profusely and delicately branched. In C. micrantha, at least, shade and age appear to play roles in the initiation of cleistogamy. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). The Navaho used Corydalis aurea medicinally for a variety of ailments, including rheumatism, diarrhea, sores on the hands, stomachaches, menstrual problems, and sore throats, and as a general disinfectant (D. E. Moerman 1986, no subspecies cited). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Fumariaceae > Corydalis | Fumariaceae > Corydalis | ||||||||||||
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Synonyms | C. aurea var. micrantha, Capnoides micranthum | Capnodes aureum | ||||||||||||
Name authority | (Engelmann ex A. Gray) A. Gray: Bot. Gaz. 11: 189. (1886) | Willdenow: Enum. Pl. 2: 740. (1809) | ||||||||||||
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