Coreopsis lanceolata |
Coreopsis tinctoria |
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garden coreopsis, lance-leaf coreopsis, lance-leaf tick-seed, lanced-leaf coreopsis, sand coreopsis |
atkinson's coreopsis, calliopsis, Columbia coreopsis, coreopsis, golden tick-seed, plains coreopsis |
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Habit | Perennials, 10–30(–60+) cm. | Annuals, (10–)30–70(–150+) cm. |
Leaves | basal and cauline on proximal 1/4–1/3(–1/2) of plant heights; petioles 1–5(–8+) cm; blades simple or with 1–2+ lateral lobes, simple blades or terminal lobes lance-ovate or lanceolate to oblanceolate or lance-linear, 5–12 cm × 8–15(–18+) mm. |
proximal blades usually 1(–3)-pinnate, terminal lobes lance-ovate to oblanceolate, 10–60 × 5–25 mm; cauline blades usually 1–2(–3)-pinnate, rarely simple, simple blades or terminal lobes lance-linear to linear or filiform, 10–45 × 0.5–2(–5+) mm. |
Peduncles | (8–)12–20(–35+) cm. |
1–5(–15+) cm. |
Ray laminae | yellow, 15–30+ mm. |
usually yellow with red-brown blotch, sometimes red-brown in proximal 1/3–9/10 and distally yellow, rarely yellow throughout, 12–18+ mm. |
Disc corollas | 6–7.5 mm, apices yellow. |
2.5–3+ mm. |
Phyllaries | deltate to lance-deltate, 8–12+ mm. |
± lance-oblong to lance-ovate, 4–7(–9) mm. |
Calyculi | of lance-ovate to lance-linear or linear bractlets 4–8(–12) mm. |
of deltate-lanceolate bractlets 1–3+ mm. |
Cypselae | (2.6–)3–4 mm, wings ± spreading, ± chartaceous, entire. |
1.5–3(–4+) mm, wings 0 or 0.1–0.7+ mm wide; pappi 0, or of 1–2 cusps or subulate scales 0.1–1+ mm. |
Aerial | nodes proximal to first peduncle usually 1–3(–5+), distalmost 1–3 internodes 1–2(–8+) cm. |
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2n | = 26 (+ 0–4B). |
= 24 (+ 0–2 Bs). |
Coreopsis lanceolata |
Coreopsis tinctoria |
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Phenology | Flowering (Mar–)May–Jul(–Aug). | Flowering year round, mostly Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Sandy soils, ditches and roadsides, other disturbed sites | Moist, sandy or clay soils, sometimes alkaline flats, prairies, ditches, disturbed places |
Elevation | 30–500(–1000+) m (100–1600(–3300+) ft) | (0–)20–1500(–2000) m ((0–)100–4900(–6600) ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; BC; ON
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; QC; SK; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
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Discussion | Plants that have been called Coreopsis lanceolata var. villosa Michaux often have 5+ aerial internodes 6+ cm long proximal to the first peduncle; they may merit recognition as a distinct taxon or may be hybrids (or derivatives) from crosses between C. lanceolata and C. pubescens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Coreopsis tinctoria is widely grown in public and residential gardens, and commercially (for cut flowers), and has become widely established in the flora area. As here circumscribed, Coreopsis tinctoria includes plants that others (without agreement among themselves) have treated as distinct species or infraspecific taxa: C. atkinsoniana (plants mostly 50–150+ cm, seldom branched from bases; cypselae 2.5–3 mm, “narrowly” winged; pappi 0.1–0.2 mm; mostly Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington), C. cardaminefolia (plants mostly 20–50 cm, seldom branched at bases; cypselae 2 mm, “narrowly to widely” winged; pappi 0 or 0.1–0.2 mm; mostly Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Texas), and C. tinctoria var. similis (plants mostly 10–30 cm, usually branched from bases; cypselae 2–3 mm, “widely” winged; pappi 0.2–1 mm; Texas and Mexico). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 194. | FNA vol. 21, p. 197. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Coreopsis > sect. Coreopsis | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Coreopsis > sect. Calliopsis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. atkinsoniana, C. cardaminefolia, C. tinctoria var. atkinsoniana, C. tinctoria var. similis | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 908. (1753) | Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2: 114. (1821) |
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