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Merten's coral-root, Pacific coralroot, western coral-root

Stems

± strongly thickened, base not bulbous.

Inflorescences

racemes dense, 35–65 × 1.5–4 cm.

Flowers

8–35, showy;

perianth open;

sepals reddish purple, sometimes yellowish near base, or completely yellow, lanceolate, 3-veined, 6–12 mm;

dorsal sepal arching over column, nearly adhering to it;

lateral sepals strongly spreading;

petals arching over column, connivent with dorsal sepal, often yellowish basally, and streaked with purple, or completely yellow suffused with purple toward apex;

lip red-purple, white, or white with purple streaks or spots, narrowly obovate, 4.8–9.5 × 2.5–5 mm, thin, usually with small (0.7 mm) tooth on each side, margins undulate-denticulate;

column curved somewhat toward lip, yellow, often flushed with purple or white basally, and streaked or spotted with purple, 5–8.2 mm;

ovary 5.9–10 mm;

mentum prominent, protruding backward along ovary but free from it.

Capsules

ellipsoid, 10–25 × 6–9 mm.

2n

= 40.

Corallorhiza mertensiana

Phenology Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat Moist to dry coniferous and mixed woods
Elevation 0–2300 m [0–7500 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CA; ID; MT; OR; WA; WY; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In the Pacific Northwest Corallorhiza mertensiana is largely sympatric with C. maculata and occasionally intergrades with it. It frequently forms large clumps. 

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 638.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Cymbidieae > subtribe Corallorhizinae > Corallorhiza
Sibling taxa
C. bentleyi, C. maculata, C. odontorhiza, C. striata, C. trifida, C. wisteriana
Synonyms C. maculata subsp. mertensiana, C. purpurea
Name authority Bongard: Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 2: 165. (1832)
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