Conyza bonariensis |
Conyza canadensis |
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Argentine fleabane, asthmaweed, flax-leaf fleabane, flax-leaf horseweed, hairy horseweed, South American conyza, wavy-leaf fleabane |
Canadian fleabane, Canadian horseweed, horseweed, vergerette du Canada |
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Habit | Plants erect, 10–100(–150+) cm, branched mostly distally. | Plants erect, (3–)50–200(–350+) cm, branched mostly distally. |
Leaves | faces ± densely strigose or hispidulous; proximal blades oblanceolate, 30–80(–120+) × 10–25+ mm, obscurely lobed to coarsely toothed or entire; distal narrowly oblanceolate to linear, 10–50 × 2–10 mm, obscurely toothed or entire. |
faces usually glabrate (proximal margins ± ciliolate, hairs usually stiff, spreading and hispid on nerves, hairs erect); proximal blades oblanceolate to linear, 20–50(–100+) × 4–10(–15+) mm, toothed to entire; distal similar, smaller, entire. |
Involucres | 3.5–5 mm. |
3–4 mm. |
Receptacles | 3–5 mm diam. in fruit. |
1–1.5(–3) mm diam. in fruit. |
Pistillate florets | 60–150+; corollas ± equaling or surpassing styles, laminae 0 or to 0.3 mm. |
20–30(–45+); corollas ± equaling or surpassing styles, laminae 0.3–1 mm. |
Disc florets | 8–12+. |
8–30+. |
Phyllaries | usually strigose or hispidulous; outer greenish to purplish, lanceolate, shorter; inner stramineous to purplish, linear-attenuate (more chartaceous to scarious, less hairy). |
usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely strigose (margins chartaceous to scarious); outer greenish to stramineous, lanceolate to linear, shorter; inner stramineous to reddish, lance-attenuate to linear. |
Heads | usually in paniculiform to racemiform, rarely corymbiform arrays. |
usually in paniculiform, sometimes corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | pale tan, 1–1.5 mm, faces glabrous or sparsely strigillose; pappi of 15–25+, pinkish, sordid, or tawny bristles 3–4+ mm. |
uniformly pale tan to light gray-brown, 1–1.5 mm, faces sparsely strigillose; pappi of 15–25, white bristles 2–3 mm. |
2n | = 54. |
= 18. |
Conyza bonariensis |
Conyza canadensis |
|
Phenology | Flowering year round, mostly late summer–fall. | Flowering year round, mostly summer–fall. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, along roads and streets | Disturbed places |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AZ; CA; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; NM; OR; SC; TX; UT; VA; South America [Introduced in North America]
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Mexico; Central America [Introduced in South America, Europe, Asia, Africa]
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Discussion | Conyza bonariensis is widespread in tropical and warm-temperate regions of the world. It is thought to be native to South America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Conyza canadensis is thought to be native to North America and is now widely adventive, e.g., in South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. Plants with stems glabrous and phyllaries red-tipped are sometimes treated as var. pusilla; similar plants with stems glabrous and phyllaries stramineous (not red-tipped) are sometimes treated as var. glabrata. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 349. | FNA vol. 20, p. 350. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Conyza | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Conyza |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Erigeron bonariensis | Erigeron canadensis, C. canadensis var. glabrata, C. canadensis var. pusilla, C. parva, E. canadensis var. pusillus |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Cronquist: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 70: 632. (1943) | (Linnaeus) Cronquist: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 70: 632. (1943) |
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