Conringia |
Conringia orientalis |
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hare's ear, hare's-ear mustard |
hare's-ear-mustard, hedge cabbage, rabbit's-ear, rabbit-ears, slinkweed, treacle mustard |
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Habit | Plants not scapose; (usually glaucous). | Plants sometimes winter annuals. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or branched proximally. |
mostly simple, (1–)3–7 dm. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; subsessile or sessile; basal not rosulate, subsessile, blade margins usually entire; cauline blade (base cordate-amplexicaul or, rarely, auriculate), margins usually entire, rarely crenulate. |
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Basal leaves | blade (slightly fleshy), pale green, oblanceolate to obovate, 5–9 cm, margins ± entire. |
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Cauline leaves | blade oblong to elliptic or lanceolate, (1–)3–10(–15) cm × (5–)20–25(–50) mm, base deeply cordate-amplexicaul, apex rounded. |
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Racemes | (corymbose, several-flowered). |
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Flowers | sepals oblong; petals usually narrowly obovate, rarely oblanceolate, claw differentiated from blade [undifferentiated], (apex obtuse); stamens slightly tetradynamous; filaments not dilated, slender; anthers oblong (base slightly sagittate); nectar glands lateral, median glands often absent. |
sepals 6–8 × 1–1.5 mm, median pair narrower than lateral, apex acute; petals 7–12 × 2–3 mm, base attenuate, claw usually as long as sepal; filaments 5–7 mm; anthers 1.5–2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending, stout (almost as thick as fruit, or, rarely, much narrower). |
ascending, straight or curved-ascending, (8–)10–15(–20) mm. |
Fruits | sessile, linear, torulose, 4-angled or terete; valves each with prominent midvein; replum rounded; septum complete; stigmas capitate-flattened, entire. |
± torulose, strongly 4-angled to ± cylindrical, 1-nerved, keeled, (5–)8–14 cm × 2–2.5 mm; style cylindrical, 0.5–4 mm. |
Seeds | not winged, oblong [ellipsoid]; seed coat (papillose), copiously mucilaginous (granular) when wetted; cotyledons incumbent. |
brown, 2–2.9 × 1.2–1.5 mm.2n = 14. |
x | = 7 [9]. |
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Conringia |
Conringia orientalis |
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Phenology | Flowering (Mar in Texas) May–Aug. | |
Habitat | Cultivated lands, grain fields, disturbed areas, waste places, roadsides, gardens | |
Elevation | 0-3500 m (0-11500 ft) | |
Distribution |
c Europe; e Mediterranean region; Asia (Afghanistan, Pakistan) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, nw Africa, Australia] |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, nw Africa, Australia]
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Discussion | Species 6 (1 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Conringia orientalis was collected on ballast in New York as early as 1879. It is most abundant in the plains and prairies of both the United States and Canada (I. A. Al-Shehbaz 1985; R. C. Rollins and Al-Shehbaz 1986). In disturbed places, it has penetrated into the native vegetation over a wide area. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 517. | FNA vol. 7, p. 517. |
Parent taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Brassica orientalis, Erysimum orientale | |
Name authority | Heister ex Fabricius: Enum., 160. (1759) | (Linnaeus) Dumortier: Fl. Belg., 123. (1827) |
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