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climbing dayflower, spreading dayflower

Habit Herbs, perennial or annual, spreading. Herbs, annual, 10–30 cm.
Stems

decumbent to scandent.

ascending to decumbent.

Leaves

blade narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate-oblong, lanceolate-elliptic or ovate, 1.5–14 × 0.5–3.3 cm, margins scabrous, apex acute to acuminate, glabrous.

blade sessile, linear to linear-lanceolate, 2–15 × 0.3–1 cm, glabrous or sparsely hirsute.

Inflorescences

distal cyme 1–several-flowered, usually exserted;

spathes solitary, bright green, without contrasting veins, pedunculate, usually distinctly falcate, (0.5–)0.8–4 × 0.4–1.2(–1.4) cm, margins distinct, glabrous or scabrous, sometimes also sparsely ciliate or ciliolate basally, apex usually acuminate, usually glabrous or nearly so;

peduncles 0.5–2(–4) cm.

proximal cyme ± 2-flowered, distal cyme absent;

spathes solitary, whitish basally, pedunculate, usually slightly falcate, 0.9–2 × 0.4–1 cm, margins distinct, connate basally, apex acuminate, sparsely hirsute;

peduncles 0.3–1.6 cm.

Flowers

bisexual and staminate;

petals all blue (rarely all lavender), proximal petal smaller;

medial stamen anther connective usually with transverse band of violet;

staminodes 2–3;

antherodes yellow, medial often absent or vestigial, cruciform.

bisexual, less than 1 cm wide;

proximal sepals connate, forming cup;

paired petals apricot- or peach-colored, proximal petal white, minute;

staminodes 3;

antherodes yellow, cruciform.

Capsules

3-locular, 2-valved, 4–6.3 mm.

3-locular, 3-valved, 4–5.5 mm.

Seeds

5 (or less through abortion), brown, 2–2.8(–3.2) × 1.4–1.8 mm, deeply reticulate.

5, brown, 1.9–2.7 × 2–2.4 mm, reticulate.

2n

= 56.

Commelina diffusa

Commelina gambiae

Phenology Flowering fall.
Habitat Roadsides, pastures, and levees
Distribution
map from FNA
AL; AR; DC; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; Pantropical
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
map from FNA
FL; native; w Africa [Introduced in North America]
Discussion

The name Commelina nudiflora Linnaeus has been incorrectly used for this species.

Varieties 4 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Commelina gambiae was first found in Florida in 1976 and is now recorded from five counties. Commelina nigratana var. nigritana, which is unknown outside of Africa, differs by having three one-seeded locules, the seeds each with two pits and lacking the reticulation.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Parent taxa Commelinaceae > Commelina Commelinaceae > Commelina
Sibling taxa
C. benghalensis, C. caroliniana, C. communis, C. dianthifolia, C. erecta, C. forskaolii, C. gambiae, C. virginica
C. benghalensis, C. caroliniana, C. communis, C. dianthifolia, C. diffusa, C. erecta, C. forskaolii, C. virginica
Subordinate taxa
C. diffusa var. diffusa, C. diffusa var. gigas
Key
1. Leaf blades 1.5–5(–8) × 0.5–1(–2.2) cm; medial anther connective with broad transverse violet band; capsules 5-seeded (occasionally less, by abortion)
var. diffusa
1. Leaf blades 6–14 × 1–3.3 cm; medial anther connective without dark band; capsules typically 1–2-seeded
var. gigas
Synonyms C. nigritana var. gambiae
Name authority Burman f.: Flora Indica. nec non Prodromus Florae Capensis 18, plate 7, fig. 2. (1768) C. B. Clarke: in A. L. P. de Candolle and C. de Candolle, Monographiae Phanerogamarum 3: 146. (1881)
Source FNA vol. 22. Treatment author: Robert B. Faden. FNA vol. 22. Treatment author: Robert B. Faden.
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