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Asiatic dayflower, comméline commune

Habit Herbs, annual, erect to decumbent. Herbs, annual, 10–30 cm.
Roots

at proximal nodes.

Stems

diffusely branched.

ascending to decumbent.

Leaves

blade narrowly lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 5–12 × 1–4 cm, apex acute to acuminate.

blade sessile, linear to linear-lanceolate, 2–15 × 0.3–1 cm, glabrous or sparsely hirsute.

Inflorescences

distal cyme usually vestigial, included, sometimes 1-flowered, exserted;

spathes solitary, green, paler or whitish basally with contrasting, dark green veins, pedunculate, usually not falcate, 1.5–3(–3.5) × 0.8–1.3(–1.8) cm, margins distinct, scabrous, not ciliate, apex acute to acuminate, glabrous to puberulent;

peduncles 0.8–3.5(–5) cm.

proximal cyme ± 2-flowered, distal cyme absent;

spathes solitary, whitish basally, pedunculate, usually slightly falcate, 0.9–2 × 0.4–1 cm, margins distinct, connate basally, apex acuminate, sparsely hirsute;

peduncles 0.3–1.6 cm.

Flowers

bisexual (rarely staminate);

proximal petal paler or white, very reduced, distal petals blue to bluish purple;

staminodes 3;

antherodes yellow sometimes with central maroon spot, cruciform.

bisexual, less than 1 cm wide;

proximal sepals connate, forming cup; paired petals apricot- or peach-colored, proximal petal white, minute;

staminodes 3;

antherodes yellow, cruciform.

Capsules

2-locular, 2-valved, 4.5–8 mm.

3-locular, 3-valved, 4–5.5 mm.

Seeds

4, brown, (2–)2.5–4.2 × 2.2–3 mm, rugose pitted-reticulate.

5, brown, 1.9–2.7 × 2–2.4 mm, reticulate.

2n

= 56.

Commelina communis

Commelina gambiae

Phenology Flowering summer–fall. Flowering fall.
Habitat Weedy and waste places, edges of fields, woods, and marshes, often in thick herbaceous vegetation, occasionally in woods Roadsides, pastures, and levees
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; QC; native; Asia [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; native; w Africa [Introduced in North America]
Discussion

Commelina communis var. ludens (Miquel) C. B. Clarke is distinguished by its darker flowers, antherodes with maroon centers (instead of entirely yellow), distalmost cyme less well developed and usually not producing a flower, and spathes proportionally broader. I have not found it possible to separate this regularly from C. communis var. communis, which also occurs in the flora. A variegated form of C. communis var. ludens, forma aureostriata MacKeever, occurs spontaneously and has been noted from Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, North Carolina, Texas, and Virginia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Commelina gambiae was first found in Florida in 1976 and is now recorded from five counties. Commelina nigratana var. nigritana, which is unknown outside of Africa, differs by having three one-seeded locules, the seeds each with two pits and lacking the reticulation.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22, p. 193. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Commelinaceae > Commelina Commelinaceae > Commelina
Sibling taxa
C. benghalensis, C. caroliniana, C. dianthifolia, C. diffusa, C. erecta, C. forskaolii, C. gambiae, C. virginica
C. benghalensis, C. caroliniana, C. communis, C. dianthifolia, C. diffusa, C. erecta, C. forskaolii, C. virginica
Synonyms C. nigritana var. gambiae
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 40. (1753) C. B. Clarke: in A. L. P. de Candolle and C. de Candolle, Monographiae Phanerogamarum 3: 146. (1881)
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