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bladder-senna, colutea

bladder-senna

Habit Shrubs, unarmed. Shrubs to 6 m, much-branched.
Stems

erect to somewhat spreading, glabrous or pubescent.

appressed-puberulent when young.

Leaves

alternate, odd-pinnate;

stipules present;

petiolate;

leaflets 7–13, blade margins entire, surfaces pubescent.

5–15 × 2–6 cm;

stipules distinct, relatively small;

leaflet blades elliptic to obovate or ovate, 15–30 × 10–20 mm, base cuneate, apex usually emarginate, mucronate, surfaces appressed-pubescent abaxially, glabrate adaxially.

Racemes

4–6 × 3–4 cm;

bracteoles linear, 2 mm.

Inflorescences

3–8-flowered, axillary, racemes;

bracts absent;

bracteoles present.

Peduncles

2–4 cm.

Pedicels

5–8 mm in flower, 10–12 mm in fruit.

Flowers

papilionaceous;

calyx campanulate, lobes 5;

corolla bright yellow [orange- or brownish red], banner sometimes with red markings;

stamens 10, diadelphous;

anthers basifixed, opening laterally.

calyx actinomorphic or slightly zygomorphic, 5–8 mm, lobes linear to deltate, 1–3 mm;

banner 16–20 × 10–15 mm;

wings equaling or shorter than keel;

style pubescent apically.

Fruits

legumes, stipitate, bladdery-inflated, straight [curved adaxially], ellipsoid-orbicular, indehiscent [opening apically], glabrate.

pale greenish brown, sometimes reddish proximally, 5–8 × 3 cm, papery.

Seeds

ca. 10, orbicular-reniform;

hilum lateral.

3–5 mm.

x

= 8.

2n

= 16 (Europe).

Colutea

Colutea arborescens

Phenology Flowering late spring–early summer.
Habitat Roadside scrub, disturbed ground.
Elevation 10–2500 m. (0–8200 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
Europe; Asia; n Africa; temperate regions [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CO; CT; KS; MA; MI; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; UT; WV; ON; Europe; w Asia; n Africa (Algeria) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America (Argentina)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species ca. 25 (1 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Colutea arborescens is cultivated as an ornamental for its flowers and large, conspicuous fruits. In addition to C. arborescens, C. × media Willdenow (C. arborescens Linnaeus × C. orientalis Miller) also is cultivated and may occur as a relic. The hybrid has a brownish red or dark orange corolla and a fruit that is dehiscent apically.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. Author: Peter W. Ball. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Colutea
Subordinate taxa
C. arborescens
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 723. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 323. (1754) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 723. (1753)
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