Collinsia grandiflora |
Collinsia heterophylla |
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blue-lips blue-eyed Mary, giant blue eyed Mary, large-flower blue-eyed Mary, large-flower collinsia |
Chinese houses, innocence, purple Chinese-houses |
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Habit | Annuals (4–)6–35 cm. | Annuals 10–50 cm. | ||||
Stems | erect to ascending. |
erect to ascending. |
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Leaf | blades narrowly oblong to lanceolate, margins subentire. |
blades lanceolate-deltate, margins serrate. |
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Inflorescences | glabrous or finely glandular to scaly-hairy; nodes 1–6(–8)-flowered; flowers not crowded proximally, sometimes crowded distally; distalmost bracts linear, 5–6(+) mm. |
glabrous or hairy, ± glandular; whorls 2–7 on main axis; nodes 2–7-flowered; flowers crowded; distalmost bracts linear to lanceolate, 5–6 mm. |
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Pedicels | ascending to reflexed, proximals usually longer than calyx, visible. |
ascending to spreading, shorter than calyx, not or scarcely visible. |
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Flowers | calyx lobes ± deltate, equal to capsule, apex acuminate; corolla bluish, banner pale at center, 8–15 mm, keel glabrous; banner length 0.8–1 times wings, lobe base without folds; banner lobes and wings widely obovate, usually 2–6 mm wide; throat strongly angled to tube, longer than diam., pouch prominent, angular; stamens: filaments glabrous, basal spur 0. |
calyx lobes linear to ovate, equal to capsule, apex subacute to acute; corolla red-purple, rarely white, banner white to lavender or tipped dark violet, maroon spots near center and forming horizontal lines near base, wings whitish to rose purple, keel usually with darker red tip, 10–20 mm, usually glabrous; tube hairy inside, as wide as long, saccate basally, adaxial pouch prominent and ± square; banner length 0.6–0.9 times wings, lobe base without folds; stamens: abaxial filaments glabrous, adaxials hairy, basal spur 1. |
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Seeds | (3 or)4, oblong, 2–2.5 mm, margins thickened, inrolled. |
6–12, ovate, 1.5–2 mm, margins slightly thickened, inrolled. |
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2n | = 14, 28, 42. |
= 14. |
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Collinsia grandiflora |
Collinsia heterophylla |
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Phenology | Flowering (Mar–)May–Jul. | |||||
Habitat | Gravelly or grassy margins of coniferous or open oak woodlands, moss-covered rock outcrops, other open areas. | |||||
Elevation | 0–1800 m. (0–5900 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC
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CA; nw Mexico
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Discussion | Collinsia grandiflora occurs mostly in the coastal ranges. The distinction between C. grandiflora and C. parviflora is usually clear in California where corolla lobe shape and size are mostly well correlated. The distinction is much less clear in British Columbia, Oregon, and Washington. An alternative to the treatment here would be to follow F. R. Ganders and G. R. Krause (1986), who suggested that Collinsia grandiflora and C. parviflora be treated as one species with two intergrading varieties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Collinsia heterophylla is the most widespread and frequently encountered species in California. There is structure in phylogenetic analysis of northern and southern populations (that is, paraphyly of southern populations) suggesting northward expansion and evidence for introgression with C. tinctoria (B. G. Baldwin et al. 2011) in the southern Sierra Nevada (Kern County and possibly Fresno County). This species is often confused with other collinsias that have tiered whorls of flowers, most frequently with C. bartsiifolia and C. concolor, which both lack the bold horizontal line present at the base of the adaxial corolla lip of C. heterophylla. Plants with reduced corolla pigmentation, nearly white, are uncommon outside of the South Coast Ranges and are often misidentified as C. bartsiifolia. Collinsia bicolor Bentham, which pertains here, is a later homonym of C. bicolor Rafinesque, a synonym of 1. C. verna. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 65. | FNA vol. 17, p. 73. | ||||
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Collinsia | Plantaginaceae > Collinsia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | C. parviflora var. diehlii, C. parviflora var. grandiflora | |||||
Name authority | Lindley: Bot. Reg. 13: plate 1107. (1827) | Graham: Bot. Mag. 65: plate 3695. (1838) | ||||
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