Clitoria mariana |
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Atlantic pigeon wings, butterfly pea |
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Stems | 1–4 from crown, trailing, to 150 cm, or erect to lax, apex sometimes twining, to 60 cm; internodes ± straight to weakly flexuous; branches few, primarily basal. |
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Leaves | stipules lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, 4–8 × 2–5 mm, apex acute; petiole subterete, often weakly to strongly canaliculate adaxially, 2–10 cm; stipels linear to subulate, 3–8 mm; petiolules 2–4 mm; rachis 1–2(–2.5) cm; leaflets 3, blades ovate, oblong-ovate, elliptic-oblong, lanceolate, lanceolate-ovate, oblong, or elliptic, 20–90(–115) × 10–40(–65) mm, thick membranous to thick papery, base broadly cuneate to subcordate, primary lateral veins 7–12 pairs, apex usually acute to obtuse, rarely short-acuminate or mucronate, surfaces glaucescent, glabrate or sparsely pubescent abaxially on major veins or moderately to densely piloso-sericeous, glabrate or uncinate-pubescent adaxially. |
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Inflorescences | 2(–4)-flowered, 1–5 cm, flowers cleistogamous and/or chasmogamous; bracts lanceolate, 3–4 × 1 mm. |
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Peduncles | 1–4.5 cm (chasmogamous flowers) or 0.5–3 cm (cleistogamous flowers). |
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Pedicels | 3–7 mm; bracteoles of chasmogamous flowers lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, 4–9 × 2–3 mm, cleistogamous flowers 3–5 mm, apex acute, uncinate-pubescent. |
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Legumes | brown, convex, 25–55(–70) × 6–9 mm; stipe 12–17 mm (5–10 mm in cleistogamous). |
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Seeds | 1–10, black, cuboidal to globular, 3–5 × 4–6 mm, viscid. |
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Xylopodium | proximal portion horizontal, cylindric, 4–15 × 3–12 cm; distal portion 1+ m × 1.5–6 mm. |
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Chasmogamous | flowers: calyx tube greenish, 10–14 × 3–5 mm at base becoming 5–8 mm wide; lobes ovate, 5–9 × 2.5–3.5 mm (at base, abaxial lobe 7–9 mm), apex short-acuminate; corolla blue to pale purplish; banner 40–60 mm, claw 5–8 mm; wing blades 21–24 × 5–10 mm, claw 7–12 mm; keel 8–13 × 3–5 mm, claw 14–21 mm; staminal tube 21–30 mm; filaments distinct, 2–4 mm; anthers lanceolate, 1–2 mm; ovary 7–9 mm, densely uncinate-pubescent; style 16–20 mm. |
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Cleistogamous | flowers: calyx tube 4–5 × 1–2 mm becoming 2 mm wide; lobes 2–3 mm; staminal tube 0.1 mm; ovary 5–6 mm; style 4–6 mm, bent backwards and in contact with anthers. |
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Clitoria mariana |
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Distribution |
se United States; n Mexico; Asia
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Discussion | Varieties 3 (2 in the flora). Variety orientalis Fantz occurs in China, eastern India, Myanmar (Burma), and Thailand. It is characterized as a vine with inflorescences bearing two to six slightly smaller flowers than those in the flora area and without cleistogamous flowers. Clitoria mariana is cultivated for its showy chasmogamous flowers. Plants in the wild grow as isolated individuals or in clusters. Historically, Clitoria mariana has been misidentified as Centrosema virginianum, which is distinguished as a vine with a campanulate calyx bearing lobes that are narrow and longer than the tube, bracteoles that nearly hide the calyx, a spurred banner, wings subequal in length to the keel, and flat fruits with two marginal veins. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Clitoria | ||||
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Synonyms | Martiusia mariana | ||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 753. (1753) | ||||
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