Clematis terniflora |
Clematis viticaulis |
|
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sweet autumn clematis, sweet autumn virginsbower, yam-leaf clematis, yam-leaf virgin's-bower |
grape clematis, grape leather-flower, Millboro leather-flower |
|
Stems | climbing with tendril-like petioles and leaf rachises, 3-6 m. |
erect, 2-5 dm, finely and densely hirtellous. |
Leaves | blade pinnately 3- or 5-foliolate; leaflets ovate or broadly lanceolate to narrowly deltate, to 6.5 × 3.5 cm, margins entire; surfaces abaxially glabrous or very sparingly appressed-strigose on major veins. |
blade elliptic-lanceolate to narrowly ovate, unlobed, (2-)4-8 × 1.5-3.5(-4.5) cm, thin, not conspicuously reticulate; surfaces abaxially sparsely (rarely more densely) villous on veins, not glaucous. |
Inflorescences | axillary, 3-12-flowered cymes or compound cymes or paniculate with cymose subunits. |
terminal, flowers solitary; bracts absent. |
Flowers | bisexual, often some unisexual (staminate) in same inflorescence; pedicel 1-3.5 cm, slender; sepals wide-spreading, not recurved, white, linear or elliptic to lanceolate or narrowly obovate, 0.9-2.2 cm, length ca. 2-3 times width, abaxially tomentose along margins, adaxially glabrous; stamens ca. 50; filaments glabrous; staminodes absent; pistils 5-10. |
urn-shaped; sepals pale purple, often suffused with green abaxially, lanceolate, 1.4-2.5 cm, margins not expanded, thin, not crispate, puberulent, tips obtuse to acute, spreading to recurved, abaxially nearly glabrous to minutely puberulent. |
Achenes | broad, flat, conspicuously rimmed, minutely appressed-silky, sometimes sparsely so; beak 2-6 cm. |
bodies short-pilose; beak coppery brown, 2-3.5(-4) cm, plumose. |
2n | = 16. |
|
Clematis terniflora |
Clematis viticaulis |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer (Jul–Sep). | Flowering spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Roadsides, thickets, and other secondary sites, edges of woods near creeks | Shale barrens |
Elevation | 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | 400-500 m (1300-1600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON; native to Asia (China, Korea, Japan) [Introduced in North America]
|
VA |
Discussion | Clematis terniflora is commonly cultivated as an ornamental. It is widely naturalized in the eastern United States. The name C. paniculata J. F. Gmelin was incorrectly used for this species by Thunberg in 1794. Some authors have recognized two or more varieties in this species, correlated with their distribution in Asia, but in the study by H.Hara (1975), all of the varietal names were reduced to synonymy. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Clematis viticaulis is known only from shale barrens developed from the Upper Devonian Brallier Formation in Bath and Rockbridge counties of western Virginia. The coppery brown hairs on the mature beaks are useful for distinguishing this species (C. S. Keener 1967). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Clematis > subg. Clematis | Ranunculaceae > Clematis > subg. Viorna |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. dioscoreifolia, C. dioscoreifolia var. robusta, C. maximowicziana | |
Name authority | de Candolle: Syst. Nat. 1: 137. (1817) | Steele: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13: 364. (1911) |
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