Clematis terniflora |
Clematis viorna |
|
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sweet autumn clematis, sweet autumn virginsbower, yam-leaf clematis, yam-leaf virgin's-bower |
leather-flower, vasevine |
|
Stems | climbing with tendril-like petioles and leaf rachises, 3-6 m. |
viny, to 4 m, without cobwebby pubescence, nearly glabrous, or moderately pilose-pubescent proximal to nodes. |
Leaf | blade pinnately 3- or 5-foliolate; leaflets ovate or broadly lanceolate to narrowly deltate, to 6.5 × 3.5 cm, margins entire; surfaces abaxially glabrous or very sparingly appressed-strigose on major veins. |
blade mostly 1-pinnate, some simple; leaflets usually 4-8 plus additional tendril-like terminal leaflet, lanceolate to ovate, unlobed or 2-3-lobed, or most proximal 3-foliolate, 2-12 × 1-5(-6) cm, thin, not conspicuously reticulate; surfaces abaxially sparsely to densely pilose, not glaucous. |
Inflorescences | axillary, 3-12-flowered cymes or compound cymes or paniculate with cymose subunits. |
axillary, 1-7-flowered; bracts well above base of peduncle/pedicel. |
Flowers | bisexual, often some unisexual (staminate) in same inflorescence; pedicel 1-3.5 cm, slender; sepals wide-spreading, not recurved, white, linear or elliptic to lanceolate or narrowly obovate, 0.9-2.2 cm, length ca. 2-3 times width, abaxially tomentose along margins, adaxially glabrous; stamens ca. 50; filaments glabrous; staminodes absent; pistils 5-10. |
broadly urn-shaped to bell-shaped; sepals pale lavender to reddish purple, grading to cream-yellow toward tip, ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-3 cm, margins not expanded, very thick, not crispate, tomentose, tips acuminate, recurved, abaxially sparsely to densely pubescent. |
Achenes | broad, flat, conspicuously rimmed, minutely appressed-silky, sometimes sparsely so; beak 2-6 cm. |
bodies silky-pubescent; beak 2.5-6 cm, plumose. |
2n | = 16. |
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Clematis terniflora |
Clematis viorna |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer (Jul–Sep). | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Roadsides, thickets, and other secondary sites, edges of woods near creeks | Wooded cliffs and stream banks |
Elevation | 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | 0-1400 m (0-4600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON; native to Asia (China, Korea, Japan) [Introduced in North America]
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AL; AR; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KY; MD; MO; MS; NC; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion | Clematis terniflora is commonly cultivated as an ornamental. It is widely naturalized in the eastern United States. The name C. paniculata J. F. Gmelin was incorrectly used for this species by Thunberg in 1794. Some authors have recognized two or more varieties in this species, correlated with their distribution in Asia, but in the study by H.Hara (1975), all of the varietal names were reduced to synonymy. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Formerly Clematis viorna was locally naturalized near Guelph, Ontario; no recent reports are known. D.S. Correll and M.C. Johnston (1970) mention "a report of a specimen" from Texas; neither the specimen nor further details have been located. The Fox Indians prepared a drink from the roots of Clematis viorna to use medicinally as a panacea (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Clematis > subg. Clematis | Ranunculaceae > Clematis > subg. Viorna |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. dioscoreifolia, C. dioscoreifolia var. robusta, C. maximowicziana | C. beadlei, C. viorna var. flaccida, Viorna beadlei, Viorna flaccida, Viorna gattingeri, Viorna viorna |
Name authority | de Candolle: Syst. Nat. 1: 137. (1817) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 543. (1753) |
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