Clematis terniflora |
Clematis occidentalis |
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sweet autumn clematis, sweet autumn virginsbower, yam-leaf clematis, yam-leaf virgin's-bower |
blue clematis, clématite occidentale, Columbia bower, Columbia clematis, Columbia virgin's bower, purple clematis, purple virgin's-bower, rock clematis, western blue clematis, western blue virginsbower, western clematis |
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Stems | climbing with tendril-like petioles and leaf rachises, 3-6 m. |
viny, climbing or trailing (plants scarcely viny perennials in var. dissecta). |
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Leaf | blade pinnately 3- or 5-foliolate; leaflets ovate or broadly lanceolate to narrowly deltate, to 6.5 × 3.5 cm, margins entire; surfaces abaxially glabrous or very sparingly appressed-strigose on major veins. |
blade 1-ternate (or terminal leaflet sometimes ternate in var. dissecta), ± firm but not succulent; leaflets lance-ovate to triangular or suborbiculate, lobed or unlobed, margins entire or toothed. |
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Inflorescences | axillary, 3-12-flowered cymes or compound cymes or paniculate with cymose subunits. |
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Flowers | bisexual, often some unisexual (staminate) in same inflorescence; pedicel 1-3.5 cm, slender; sepals wide-spreading, not recurved, white, linear or elliptic to lanceolate or narrowly obovate, 0.9-2.2 cm, length ca. 2-3 times width, abaxially tomentose along margins, adaxially glabrous; stamens ca. 50; filaments glabrous; staminodes absent; pistils 5-10. |
sepals violet-blue, reddish violet, or white, lanceolate to ovate or elliptic-oblong. |
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Achenes | broad, flat, conspicuously rimmed, minutely appressed-silky, sometimes sparsely so; beak 2-6 cm. |
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Clematis terniflora |
Clematis occidentalis |
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Phenology | Flowering summer (Jul–Sep). | |||||||||
Habitat | Roadsides, thickets, and other secondary sites, edges of woods near creeks | |||||||||
Elevation | 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON; native to Asia (China, Korea, Japan) [Introduced in North America]
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CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; NB; ON; QC; SK; YT
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Discussion | Clematis terniflora is commonly cultivated as an ornamental. It is widely naturalized in the eastern United States. The name C. paniculata J. F. Gmelin was incorrectly used for this species by Thunberg in 1794. Some authors have recognized two or more varieties in this species, correlated with their distribution in Asia, but in the study by H.Hara (1975), all of the varietal names were reduced to synonymy. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Clematis > subg. Clematis | Ranunculaceae > Clematis > subg. Atragene | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | C. dioscoreifolia, C. dioscoreifolia var. robusta, C. maximowicziana | Atragene occidentalis | ||||||||
Name authority | de Candolle: Syst. Nat. 1: 137. (1817) | (Hornemann) de Candolle: Prodr. 1: 10. (1824) | ||||||||
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