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Indian lettuce, miner's-lettuce, miner's-lettuce spring-beauty, winter purslane

arctic claytonia, arctic springbeauty

Habit Plants annual, with minute, tuberous bodies; periderm absent. Plants perennial, with stout to slender, often fusiform, woody caudices; periderm 1–12 mm.
Stems

5–50 cm.

1–10 cm.

Leaves

basal leaves in suberect to erect, seldom flattened rosettes, petiolate, 1–30 cm, blade often with weak red pigmentation, broadly rhombic to deltate or reniform, 1–7 × 0.5–5(–6) cm, apex obtuse to apiculate, mucro 1–3 mm;

cauline leaves sessile, blade perfoliate or cleft or notched, 10 cm diam. or less.

basal leaves petiolate, often dilated at base, blade spatulate to elliptic, 2–15 × 0.5–1 cm, thinly herbaceous, apex obtuse;

cauline leaves sessile, blade elliptic or oval, 0.5–2 × 0.5–1 cm.

Inflorescences

1-bracteate;

bract leaflike, 0.5–15 mm.

ebracteate.

Flowers

3–10 mm;

sepals 1.5–4 mm;

petals pink or white, 2–5 mm;

ovules 3.

12–20 mm diam.;

sepals 6–8 mm;

petals yellow or white with yellow blotch at base, 10–12 × 3–8 mm;

ovules 6.

Seeds

2–5 mm, shiny and smooth;

elaiosome 1–3 mm.

2–3 mm diam., shiny and smooth to tuberculate;

elaiosome 1–2 mm.

2n

= 12, 24, 36, 48, 60.

= 10.

Claytonia perfoliata

Claytonia arctica

Phenology Flowering Jun–Jul.
Habitat Snow beds in talus, rocks, and gravels
Elevation 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC; Central America (Guatemala); adventive in Europe; Pacific Islands (New Zealand)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; Russia
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Basal leaf rosettes erect, 20-50 cm; cauline leaf pairs connate into perfoliate discs, blade margins entire; seeds 3-5 mm
subsp. perfoliata
1. Basal leaf rosettes suberect to flattened, 2-30 cm; cauline leaf pairs perfoliate, blade margins notched or deeply cleft; seeds 2-4 mm
→ 2
2. Basal leaf blades ovate to broadly rhombic, apex obtuse; leaf blades often beet red, gray-green, or purplish; epidermal gas pockets easily seen in field; seeds 3-4 mm
subsp. intermontana
2. Basal leaf blades deltate, apex apiculate; leaf blades mostly green; not beet red; epidermal gas pockets usually not visible (except in populations of California Transverse Ranges); seeds 2-3 mm
subsp. mexicana
Source FNA vol. 4, p. 472. FNA vol. 4, p. 467.
Parent taxa Portulacaceae > Claytonia Portulacaceae > Claytonia
Sibling taxa
C. acutifolia, C. arctica, C. arenicola, C. caroliniana, C. cordifolia, C. exigua, C. gypsophiloides, C. lanceolata, C. megarhiza, C. multiscapa, C. nevadensis, C. ogilviensis, C. palustris, C. parviflora, C. rosea, C. rubra, C. sarmentosa, C. saxosa, C. scammaniana, C. sibirica, C. tuberosa, C. umbellata, C. virginica, C. washingtoniana
C. acutifolia, C. arenicola, C. caroliniana, C. cordifolia, C. exigua, C. gypsophiloides, C. lanceolata, C. megarhiza, C. multiscapa, C. nevadensis, C. ogilviensis, C. palustris, C. parviflora, C. perfoliata, C. rosea, C. rubra, C. sarmentosa, C. saxosa, C. scammaniana, C. sibirica, C. tuberosa, C. umbellata, C. virginica, C. washingtoniana
Subordinate taxa
C. perfoliata subsp. intermontana, C. perfoliata subsp. mexicana, C. perfoliata subsp. perfoliata
Synonyms Montia perfoliata
Name authority Donn ex Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 2: 1186. (1798) Adams: Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 94. (1817)
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