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Springville clarkia

purple clarkia, winecup clarkia, winecup fairyfan

Stems

erect, 30–90 cm, glabrous, glaucous.

erect or rarely decumbent, to 100 cm, glabrous and sometimes glaucous or sparsely to densely puberulent, sometimes mixed with longer, spreading hairs.

Leaves

petiole 0–5 mm;

blade lanceolate, 2–9 cm, surfaces glaucous, glabrous.

petiole 0–2 mm;

blade linear or narrowly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 1.5–7 cm.

Inflorescences

open racemes, axis erect;

buds pendent.

open or dense racemes, axis straight;

buds erect.

Flowers

floral tube 3–4 mm;

sepals reflexed together to 1 side, usually dark red-purple, sparsely to densely puberulent abaxially, without long, spreading hairs;

corolla rotate, petals lavender-pink, usually with dark purplish spot near base, ± diamond-shaped, 13–15 mm, claw slender, equal to or longer than blade, entire;

stamens 8, unequal, outer anthers red, inner smaller, paler;

ovary with hairs as on sepals;

stigma exserted beyond anthers.

floral tube 2–10 mm;

sepals reflexed individually or in pairs;

corolla bowl-shaped, petals lavender to purple, purplish red, or dark wine-red, often with red or purple spot near middle, tip, or base, 9–25 mm;

stamens 8, subequal;

ovary 8-grooved, length less than 8 times width;

stigma as long as or exserted beyond anthers.

Capsules

15–30 mm.

10–30 mm, beak 0–2 mm.

Seeds

unknown.

brown or gray, 1–2 mm, scaly, crest 0.2 mm.

2n

= 18.

Clarkia springvillensis

Clarkia purpurea

Phenology Flowering May.
Habitat Woodlands.
Elevation 500 m. (1600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
w North America; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Clarkia springvillensis is a rare species known primarily from the vicinity of Springville in Tulare County, with one ambiguous collection from Kern County. Due to its very limited distribution, C. springvillensis is listed as rare by the California Native Plant Society. It is derived from C. unguiculata and is closely related to C. exilis and C. tembloriensis.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

Clarkia purpurea consists of a diverse assemblage of hexaploid populations and is almost certainly derived from multiple origins followed by hybridization and, perhaps, backcrossing to parental species. Three morphological forms are recognized as subspecies; intergrades are frequent.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaf blades broadly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate; inflorescences dense racemes.
subsp. purpurea
1. Leaf blades linear to lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate; inflorescences usually open racemes.
→ 2
2. Petals 15–25 mm; stigmas exserted beyond anthers.
subsp. viminea
2. Petals 9–14 mm; stigmas not exserted beyond anthers.
subsp. quadrivulnera
Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Phaeostoma > subsect. Phaeostoma Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Godetia
Sibling taxa
C. affinis, C. amoena, C. arcuata, C. australis, C. biloba, C. borealis, C. bottae, C. breweri, C. concinna, C. cylindrica, C. davyi, C. delicata, C. dudleyana, C. epilobioides, C. exilis, C. franciscana, C. gracilis, C. heterandra, C. imbricata, C. jolonensis, C. lassenensis, C. lewisii, C. lingulata, C. mildrediae, C. modesta, C. mosquinii, C. prostrata, C. pulchella, C. purpurea, C. rhomboidea, C. rostrata, C. rubicunda, C. similis, C. speciosa, C. stellata, C. tembloriensis, C. unguiculata, C. virgata, C. williamsonii, C. xantiana
C. affinis, C. amoena, C. arcuata, C. australis, C. biloba, C. borealis, C. bottae, C. breweri, C. concinna, C. cylindrica, C. davyi, C. delicata, C. dudleyana, C. epilobioides, C. exilis, C. franciscana, C. gracilis, C. heterandra, C. imbricata, C. jolonensis, C. lassenensis, C. lewisii, C. lingulata, C. mildrediae, C. modesta, C. mosquinii, C. prostrata, C. pulchella, C. rhomboidea, C. rostrata, C. rubicunda, C. similis, C. speciosa, C. springvillensis, C. stellata, C. tembloriensis, C. unguiculata, C. virgata, C. williamsonii, C. xantiana
Subordinate taxa
C. purpurea subsp. purpurea, C. purpurea subsp. quadrivulnera, C. purpurea subsp. viminea
Synonyms Oenothera purpurea, Godetia purpurea
Name authority Vasek: Madroño 17: 220. (1964) (Curtis) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 65: 64. (1918)
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