Clarkia rubicunda |
Onagraceae subfam. onagroideae |
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farewell-to-spring, ruby chalice clarkia |
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Stems | erect or decumbent, to 150 cm, puberulent; buds erect. |
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Leaves | petiole to 10 mm; blade lanceolate to elliptic, 1–4 cm. |
stipules present or absent. |
Inflorescences | open or dense spikes or racemes, axis straight; buds erect. |
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Flowers | floral tube 4–10 mm; sepals reflexed together to one side; corolla bowl-shaped, petals pink to lavender, base red or purplish red, fan-shaped, 10–30 mm, apex erose; stamens 8, subequal; ovary cylindrical, 4-grooved, puberulent; stigma exserted beyond anthers. |
floral tube present or, rarely, absent; sepals 2 or 4 (very rarely 3), deciduous with floral tube, petals, and stamens; petals yellow, white, pink, red, rarely in combination. |
Capsules | 20–40 mm; pedicel 0–25(–40) mm. |
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Seeds | brown to grayish brown, 1.2–1.5 mm, scaly, crest 0.2 mm. |
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x |
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2n | = 14. |
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Clarkia rubicunda |
Onagraceae subfam. onagroideae |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | |
Habitat | Openings in woodlands, forests, chaparral, coastal scrub. | |
Elevation | 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) | |
Distribution |
CA
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North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Eurasia; Pacific Islands (New Zealand, Society Islands); Australia |
Discussion | Clarkia rubicunda is known from the central coast of California, from Contra Costa and Marin counties south along the coast and foothills to northern San Luis Obispo County. Clarkia rubicunda is probably a derivative of C. amoena and may be ancestral to C. franciscana. Clarkia rubicunda is distinguishable from some populations of C. amoena only by the absence of a red spot or group of spots near the middle of the petal and the presence of a red area at the base of the petal. Clarkia rubicunda can be distinguished from C. franciscana by the position of the stigma and size and shape of the petals. All three species differ in chromosome arrangement and hybrids are highly sterile. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Genera 21, species 582 (16 genera, 246 species in the flora). Onagroideae encompass the main lineage of the family, after the early branching of Ludwigia (R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004). This large and diverse lineage is distinguished by the presence of a floral tube beyond the apex of the ovary; sepals deciduous with the floral tube, petals, and stamens; pollen shed in monads (or tetrads in Chylismia sect. Lignothera and all but one species of Epilobium); ovular vascular system exclusively transseptal (R. H. Eyde 1981); ovule archesporium multicellular (H. Tobe and P. H. Raven 1996); and change in base chromosome number from x = 8 in Ludwigia to x = 10 or x = 11 at the base of Onagroideae (Raven 1979; Levin et al. 2003). Molecular work (Levin et al. 2003, 2004) substantially supports the traditional tribal classification (P. A. Munz 1965; Raven 1979, 1988); tribes are recognized to delimit major branches within the phylogeny of Onagroideae, where the branches comprise strongly supported monophyletic groups of one or more genera. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Rhodanthos > subsect. Primigenia | Onagraceae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Godetia rubicunda, C. rubicunda subsp. blasdalei, G. blasdalei | |
Name authority | (Lindley) H. Lewis & M. E. Lewis: Madroño 12: 34. (1953) | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 41. (2007) |
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