Clarkia purpurea |
Clarkia unguiculata |
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purple clarkia, winecup clarkia, winecup fairyfan |
elegant clarkia, mountain Garland, woodland clarkia |
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Stems | erect or rarely decumbent, to 100 cm, glabrous and sometimes glaucous or sparsely to densely puberulent, sometimes mixed with longer, spreading hairs. |
erect, 30–100 cm, glabrous, glaucous. |
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Leaves | petiole 0–2 mm; blade linear or narrowly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 1.5–7 cm. |
petiole 0–10 mm; blade lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 1–6 cm. |
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Inflorescences | open or dense racemes, axis straight; buds erect. |
open racemes, sometimes branched, axis erect; buds pendent. |
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Flowers | floral tube 2–10 mm; sepals reflexed individually or in pairs; corolla bowl-shaped, petals lavender to purple, purplish red, or dark wine-red, often with red or purple spot near middle, tip, or base, 9–25 mm; stamens 8, subequal; ovary 8-grooved, length less than 8 times width; stigma as long as or exserted beyond anthers. |
floral tube 2–5 mm; sepals reflexed together to 1 side, green to dark red, sparsely to densely puberulent abaxially, with longer, straight, spreading hairs to 3 mm; corolla rotate, petals lavender-pink to salmon or dark reddish purple, triangular or diamond-shaped to suborbiculate, 10–25 mm, claw slender, equal to or longer than blade, entire, rarely somewhat expanded at base; stamens 8, unequal, outer anthers red, inner smaller, paler; ovary with hairs as on sepals; stigma exserted beyond anthers. |
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Capsules | 10–30 mm, beak 0–2 mm. |
15–30 mm. |
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Seeds | brown or gray, 1–2 mm, scaly, crest 0.2 mm. |
brown, 1–1.5 mm, tuberculate, crest inconspicuous. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Clarkia purpurea |
Clarkia unguiculata |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Sep. | |||||||||
Habitat | Woodlands. | |||||||||
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | |||||||||
Distribution |
w North America; nw Mexico
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CA
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Discussion | Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). Clarkia purpurea consists of a diverse assemblage of hexaploid populations and is almost certainly derived from multiple origins followed by hybridization and, perhaps, backcrossing to parental species. Three morphological forms are recognized as subspecies; intergrades are frequent. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Clarkia unguiculata is a widely distributed species in California, and occurs throughout much of the southern two-thirds of the state in appropriate woodland habitats. Clarkia unguiculata is ancestral to C. exilis, C. springvillensis, and C. tembloriensis. It is one of the parents of the tetraploid species C. delicata and may have been involved in the origin of C. heterandra. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Godetia | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Phaeostoma > subsect. Phaeostoma | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Oenothera purpurea, Godetia purpurea | |||||||||
Name authority | (Curtis) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 65: 64. (1918) | Lindley: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 23: sub plate 1981. (1837) | ||||||||
Web links |
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