Clarkia purpurea |
Clarkia prostrata |
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purple clarkia, winecup clarkia, winecup fairyfan |
prostrate clarkia |
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Stems | erect or rarely decumbent, to 100 cm, glabrous and sometimes glaucous or sparsely to densely puberulent, sometimes mixed with longer, spreading hairs. |
prostrate or decumbent, to 50 cm, sparsely puberulent. |
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Leaves | petiole 0–2 mm; blade linear or narrowly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 1.5–7 cm. |
sessile or subsessile; blade oblanceolate to elliptic, 1–2.5 cm, apex usually obtuse. |
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Inflorescences | open or dense racemes, axis straight; buds erect. |
prostrate, dense racemes, axis straight; buds erect. |
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Flowers | floral tube 2–10 mm; sepals reflexed individually or in pairs; corolla bowl-shaped, petals lavender to purple, purplish red, or dark wine-red, often with red or purple spot near middle, tip, or base, 9–25 mm; stamens 8, subequal; ovary 8-grooved, length less than 8 times width; stigma as long as or exserted beyond anthers. |
floral tube 4–7 mm; sepals usually reflexed in pairs; corolla bowl-shaped, petals lavender-pink shading pale yellow basally, with reddish purple spot above base, 10–15 mm; stamens 8, subequal; ovary 8-grooved; stigma not exserted beyond anthers. |
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Capsules | 10–30 mm, beak 0–2 mm. |
20–30 mm. |
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Seeds | brown or gray, 1–2 mm, scaly, crest 0.2 mm. |
brown or gray, 1–1.5 mm, scaly, crest 0.2 mm. |
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2n | = 52. |
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Clarkia purpurea |
Clarkia prostrata |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | |||||||||
Habitat | Coastal bluffs in grasslands and closed-cone pine forests. | |||||||||
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | |||||||||
Distribution |
w North America; nw Mexico
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CA |
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Discussion | Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). Clarkia purpurea consists of a diverse assemblage of hexaploid populations and is almost certainly derived from multiple origins followed by hybridization and, perhaps, backcrossing to parental species. Three morphological forms are recognized as subspecies; intergrades are frequent. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Clarkia prostrata, like C. davyi, occurs only on coastal bluffs and adjacent low elevation pine forests along the Pacific coast, and in this case only in the California Central Coast Subregion in Monterey, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz, and San Luis Obispo counties. Clarkia prostrata is a hexaploid that combines the tetraploid genome of C. davyi and the diploid genome of C. speciosa. Clarkia prostrata is morphologically and ecologically very similar to C. davyi but can usually be distinguished by its larger flowers with a spot on each petal. It differs from C. speciosa by having smaller flowers with the stigma not exserted beyond the anthers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Godetia | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Godetia | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Oenothera purpurea, Godetia purpurea | |||||||||
Name authority | (Curtis) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 65: 64. (1918) | H. Lewis & M. E. Lewis: Madroño 12: 36. (1953) | ||||||||
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