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purple clarkia, winecup clarkia, winecup fairyfan

speckled clarkia, speckled fairyfan

Stems

erect or rarely decumbent, to 100 cm, glabrous and sometimes glaucous or sparsely to densely puberulent, sometimes mixed with longer, spreading hairs.

erect, to 60 cm, puberulent or glabrous.

Leaves

petiole 0–2 mm;

blade linear or narrowly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 1.5–7 cm.

petiole to 5 mm;

blade linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1–6 cm.

Inflorescences

open or dense racemes, axis straight;

buds erect.

open racemes, axis recurved at tip in bud;

buds pendent.

Flowers

floral tube 2–10 mm;

sepals reflexed individually or in pairs;

corolla bowl-shaped, petals lavender to purple, purplish red, or dark wine-red, often with red or purple spot near middle, tip, or base, 9–25 mm;

stamens 8, subequal;

ovary 8-grooved, length less than 8 times width;

stigma as long as or exserted beyond anthers.

floral tube 2–7 mm, with ring of hairs proximal to distal margin inside;

sepals reflexed together to 1 side;

corolla bowl-shaped, petals purple to pinkish lavender shading white near middle, often reddish purple-flecked, base bright purplish red, 10–35 mm;

stamens 8, unequal, width of outer filaments about 2 times inner, outer anthers lavender, inner smaller, paler.

Capsules

10–30 mm, beak 0–2 mm.

20–50 mm, beak 3–5 mm.

Seeds

brown or gray, 1–2 mm, scaly, crest 0.2 mm.

brown, 1–1.5 mm, minutely scaly to puberulent, crest 0.1 mm.

Clarkia purpurea

Clarkia cylindrica

Distribution
from USDA
w North America; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
California
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

Clarkia purpurea consists of a diverse assemblage of hexaploid populations and is almost certainly derived from multiple origins followed by hybridization and, perhaps, backcrossing to parental species. Three morphological forms are recognized as subspecies; intergrades are frequent.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

As defined by Davis, the subspecies of Clarkia cylindrica have distinct but partly overlapping geographical ranges; subsp. cylindrica mainly in the South Coast and Transverse Ranges to the Tehachapi Mountain area, and subsp. clavicarpa mainly in the central and southern Sierra Nevada Foothills to the Tehachapi Mountain area. More recent collections suggest more substantial geographical overlap. Morphological variation correlates with geographical distribution, with the most consistent difference in ovary and capsule shape. According to Davis, the taxa are moderately interfertile, less so for more distantly separated individuals.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaf blades broadly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate; inflorescences dense racemes.
subsp. purpurea
1. Leaf blades linear to lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate; inflorescences usually open racemes.
→ 2
2. Petals 15–25 mm; stigmas exserted beyond anthers.
subsp. viminea
2. Petals 9–14 mm; stigmas not exserted beyond anthers.
subsp. quadrivulnera
1. Ovaries and capsules cylindrical.
subsp. cylindrica
1. Ovaries and capsules subclavate, enlarged distally.
subsp. clavicarpa
Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Godetia Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Phaeostoma > subsect. Sympherica
Sibling taxa
C. affinis, C. amoena, C. arcuata, C. australis, C. biloba, C. borealis, C. bottae, C. breweri, C. concinna, C. cylindrica, C. davyi, C. delicata, C. dudleyana, C. epilobioides, C. exilis, C. franciscana, C. gracilis, C. heterandra, C. imbricata, C. jolonensis, C. lassenensis, C. lewisii, C. lingulata, C. mildrediae, C. modesta, C. mosquinii, C. prostrata, C. pulchella, C. rhomboidea, C. rostrata, C. rubicunda, C. similis, C. speciosa, C. springvillensis, C. stellata, C. tembloriensis, C. unguiculata, C. virgata, C. williamsonii, C. xantiana
C. affinis, C. amoena, C. arcuata, C. australis, C. biloba, C. borealis, C. bottae, C. breweri, C. concinna, C. davyi, C. delicata, C. dudleyana, C. epilobioides, C. exilis, C. franciscana, C. gracilis, C. heterandra, C. imbricata, C. jolonensis, C. lassenensis, C. lewisii, C. lingulata, C. mildrediae, C. modesta, C. mosquinii, C. prostrata, C. pulchella, C. purpurea, C. rhomboidea, C. rostrata, C. rubicunda, C. similis, C. speciosa, C. springvillensis, C. stellata, C. tembloriensis, C. unguiculata, C. virgata, C. williamsonii, C. xantiana
Subordinate taxa
C. purpurea subsp. purpurea, C. purpurea subsp. quadrivulnera, C. purpurea subsp. viminea
C. cylindrica subsp. clavicarpa, C. cylindrica subsp. cylindrica
Synonyms Oenothera purpurea, Godetia purpurea Godetiabottae spach var. cylindrica
Name authority (Curtis) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 65: 64. (1918) (Jepson) H. Lewis & M. E. Lewis: Madroño 12: 33. (1953) — (as cyclindrica)
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