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purple clarkia, winecup clarkia, winecup fairyfan

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Stems

erect or rarely decumbent, to 100 cm, glabrous and sometimes glaucous or sparsely to densely puberulent, sometimes mixed with longer, spreading hairs.

erect, to 40 cm, glabrous or puberulent.

Leaves

petiole 0–2 mm;

blade linear or narrowly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 1.5–7 cm.

petiole 5–25 mm;

blade lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 1–4.5 cm.

Inflorescences

open or dense racemes, axis straight;

buds erect.

racemes, axis suberect or slightly recurved;

buds pendent.

Flowers

floral tube 2–10 mm;

sepals reflexed individually or in pairs;

corolla bowl-shaped, petals lavender to purple, purplish red, or dark wine-red, often with red or purple spot near middle, tip, or base, 9–25 mm;

stamens 8, subequal;

ovary 8-grooved, length less than 8 times width;

stigma as long as or exserted beyond anthers.

floral tube 13–25 mm;

sepals reflexed together to 1 side, sometimes nearly separating, petal-like, pink or red;

corolla rotate, petals bright pink, usually white-streaked, narrowly fan-shaped, 10–30 mm, length 2 times width, tapered to a ± distinct claw, lobes ± equal or middle lobe wider, usually oblanceolate;

stamens 4, filaments not wider distally;

ovary 8-grooved;

stigma exserted or not beyond anthers.

Capsules

10–30 mm, beak 0–2 mm.

15–20 mm;

sessile.

Seeds

brown or gray, 1–2 mm, scaly, crest 0.2 mm.

reddish brown, 2–3 mm, scaly, crest to 0.8 mm, conspicuous.

Clarkia purpurea

Clarkia concinna

Distribution
from USDA
w North America; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
California
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

Clarkia purpurea consists of a diverse assemblage of hexaploid populations and is almost certainly derived from multiple origins followed by hybridization and, perhaps, backcrossing to parental species. Three morphological forms are recognized as subspecies; intergrades are frequent.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

The two self-pollinating subspecies with smaller flowers probably arose independently from the outcrossing subsp. concinna.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaf blades broadly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate; inflorescences dense racemes.
subsp. purpurea
1. Leaf blades linear to lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate; inflorescences usually open racemes.
→ 2
2. Petals 15–25 mm; stigmas exserted beyond anthers.
subsp. viminea
2. Petals 9–14 mm; stigmas not exserted beyond anthers.
subsp. quadrivulnera
1. Stigmas exserted beyond anthers; petals 15–30 mm.
subsp. concinna
1. Stigmas not exserted beyond anthers; petals 10–20 mm.
→ 2
2. Sepals remaining connate only near tip; petal lobes prominent, blades gradually tapered to distinct claw.
subsp. automixa
2. Sepals remaining connate in distal 2/3; petal lobes short, blades abruptly tapered to inconspicuous claw.
subsp. raichei
Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Godetia Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Eucharidium
Sibling taxa
C. affinis, C. amoena, C. arcuata, C. australis, C. biloba, C. borealis, C. bottae, C. breweri, C. concinna, C. cylindrica, C. davyi, C. delicata, C. dudleyana, C. epilobioides, C. exilis, C. franciscana, C. gracilis, C. heterandra, C. imbricata, C. jolonensis, C. lassenensis, C. lewisii, C. lingulata, C. mildrediae, C. modesta, C. mosquinii, C. prostrata, C. pulchella, C. rhomboidea, C. rostrata, C. rubicunda, C. similis, C. speciosa, C. springvillensis, C. stellata, C. tembloriensis, C. unguiculata, C. virgata, C. williamsonii, C. xantiana
C. affinis, C. amoena, C. arcuata, C. australis, C. biloba, C. borealis, C. bottae, C. breweri, C. cylindrica, C. davyi, C. delicata, C. dudleyana, C. epilobioides, C. exilis, C. franciscana, C. gracilis, C. heterandra, C. imbricata, C. jolonensis, C. lassenensis, C. lewisii, C. lingulata, C. mildrediae, C. modesta, C. mosquinii, C. prostrata, C. pulchella, C. purpurea, C. rhomboidea, C. rostrata, C. rubicunda, C. similis, C. speciosa, C. springvillensis, C. stellata, C. tembloriensis, C. unguiculata, C. virgata, C. williamsonii, C. xantiana
Subordinate taxa
C. purpurea subsp. purpurea, C. purpurea subsp. quadrivulnera, C. purpurea subsp. viminea
C. concinna subsp. automixa, C. concinna subsp. concinna, C. concinna subsp. raichei
Synonyms Oenothera purpurea, Godetia purpurea Eucharidium concinnum
Name authority (Curtis) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 65: 64. (1918) (Fischer & C. A. Meyer) Greene: Pittonia 1: 140. (1887)
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