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purple clarkia, winecup clarkia, winecup fairyfan

glandular clarkia, glandular clarkia or fairyfan, glandular fairyfan

Stems

erect or rarely decumbent, to 100 cm, glabrous and sometimes glaucous or sparsely to densely puberulent, sometimes mixed with longer, spreading hairs.

erect, to 8 cm, glabrous or puberulent.

Leaves

petiole 0–2 mm;

blade linear or narrowly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 1.5–7 cm.

sessile;

blade linear to narrowly lanceolate or oblanceolate, 1.5–6cm, surfaces glabrate.

Inflorescences

open or dense racemes, axis straight;

buds erect.

racemes, axis recurved at tip in bud;

buds pendent.

Flowers

floral tube 2–10 mm;

sepals reflexed individually or in pairs;

corolla bowl-shaped, petals lavender to purple, purplish red, or dark wine-red, often with red or purple spot near middle, tip, or base, 9–25 mm;

stamens 8, subequal;

ovary 8-grooved, length less than 8 times width;

stigma as long as or exserted beyond anthers.

floral tube 3–7 mm, puberulent with spreading hairs and shorter glandular hairs;

corolla bowl-shaped, petals pinkish lavender, lighter proximally, often with dark reddish spot at base, broadly obovate or obdeltate, 10–30 mm;

stamens 8, subequal;

ovary 8-grooved, sparsely puberulent, hairs mostly glandular;

stigma exserted beyond anthers.

Capsules

10–30 mm, beak 0–2 mm.

10–35 mm;

pedicel 5–15 mm.

Seeds

brown or gray, 1–2 mm, scaly, crest 0.2 mm.

brown, 2 mm, minutely scaly, crest 0.5 mm, prominent.

2n

= 14.

Clarkia purpurea

Clarkia arcuata

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Openings in woodlands and chaparral, serpentine soil.
Elevation 0–1600 m. (0–5200 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
w North America; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

Clarkia purpurea consists of a diverse assemblage of hexaploid populations and is almost certainly derived from multiple origins followed by hybridization and, perhaps, backcrossing to parental species. Three morphological forms are recognized as subspecies; intergrades are frequent.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Clarkia arcuata is primarily distributed in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada from Mariposa to Tehama counties, sparsely south to Kern County, and with one disjunct occurrence in Shasta County; it has also been reported from Napa County.

Clarkia arcuata is morphologically most similar to C. lassenensis, from which it differs in fruit characteristics. The two species have distinct areas of distribution and attempts to produce hybrids have not been successful.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaf blades broadly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate; inflorescences dense racemes.
subsp. purpurea
1. Leaf blades linear to lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate; inflorescences usually open racemes.
→ 2
2. Petals 15–25 mm; stigmas exserted beyond anthers.
subsp. viminea
2. Petals 9–14 mm; stigmas not exserted beyond anthers.
subsp. quadrivulnera
Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Godetia Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Rhodanthos > subsect. Flexicaules
Sibling taxa
C. affinis, C. amoena, C. arcuata, C. australis, C. biloba, C. borealis, C. bottae, C. breweri, C. concinna, C. cylindrica, C. davyi, C. delicata, C. dudleyana, C. epilobioides, C. exilis, C. franciscana, C. gracilis, C. heterandra, C. imbricata, C. jolonensis, C. lassenensis, C. lewisii, C. lingulata, C. mildrediae, C. modesta, C. mosquinii, C. prostrata, C. pulchella, C. rhomboidea, C. rostrata, C. rubicunda, C. similis, C. speciosa, C. springvillensis, C. stellata, C. tembloriensis, C. unguiculata, C. virgata, C. williamsonii, C. xantiana
C. affinis, C. amoena, C. australis, C. biloba, C. borealis, C. bottae, C. breweri, C. concinna, C. cylindrica, C. davyi, C. delicata, C. dudleyana, C. epilobioides, C. exilis, C. franciscana, C. gracilis, C. heterandra, C. imbricata, C. jolonensis, C. lassenensis, C. lewisii, C. lingulata, C. mildrediae, C. modesta, C. mosquinii, C. prostrata, C. pulchella, C. purpurea, C. rhomboidea, C. rostrata, C. rubicunda, C. similis, C. speciosa, C. springvillensis, C. stellata, C. tembloriensis, C. unguiculata, C. virgata, C. williamsonii, C. xantiana
Subordinate taxa
C. purpurea subsp. purpurea, C. purpurea subsp. quadrivulnera, C. purpurea subsp. viminea
Synonyms Oenothera purpurea, Godetia purpurea Oenothera arcuata, Godetia hispidula, O. hispidula
Name authority (Curtis) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 65: 64. (1918) (Kellogg) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 65: 62. (1918)
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