Clarkia purpurea |
Clarkia amoena |
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purple clarkia, winecup clarkia, winecup fairyfan |
arewell-to-spring, farewell-to-spring, farewell-to-spring clarkia, godetia, yellow clarkia |
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Stems | erect or rarely decumbent, to 100 cm, glabrous and sometimes glaucous or sparsely to densely puberulent, sometimes mixed with longer, spreading hairs. |
erect to decumbent, 20–200 cm, puberulent. |
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Leaves | petiole 0–2 mm; blade linear or narrowly lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 1.5–7 cm. |
petiole to 10 mm; blade linear to lanceolate, 1–6 cm. |
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Inflorescences | open or dense racemes, axis straight; buds erect. |
open or dense spikes or racemes, axis straight; buds erect. |
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Flowers | floral tube 2–10 mm; sepals reflexed individually or in pairs; corolla bowl-shaped, petals lavender to purple, purplish red, or dark wine-red, often with red or purple spot near middle, tip, or base, 9–25 mm; stamens 8, subequal; ovary 8-grooved, length less than 8 times width; stigma as long as or exserted beyond anthers. |
floral tube 3–10 mm; sepals usually reflexed together to one side, or rarely in pairs or singly; corolla bowl-shaped, petals pale pink to lavender, usually with red spot or mark near middle, obovate to fan-shaped, 15–60 mm, not lobed, apex sometimes shallowly notched or erose; stamens 8, in 2 subequal sets; ovary cylindrical and 4-grooved or fusiform and 8-grooved, puberulent; stigma exserted or not beyond anthers. |
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Capsules | 10–30 mm, beak 0–2 mm. |
15–40 mm, sometimes broader distally; pedicel 0–13 mm. |
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Seeds | brown or gray, 1–2 mm, scaly, crest 0.2 mm. |
brown to grayish brown, 1–1.5 mm, scaly, crest 0.1 mm. |
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Clarkia purpurea |
Clarkia amoena |
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Distribution |
w North America; nw Mexico
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w North America
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Discussion | Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). Clarkia purpurea consists of a diverse assemblage of hexaploid populations and is almost certainly derived from multiple origins followed by hybridization and, perhaps, backcrossing to parental species. Three morphological forms are recognized as subspecies; intergrades are frequent. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 5 (5 in the flora). Clarkia amoena is closely related to C. rubicunda, which differs morphologically mainly in the color pattern of the petals. Petals of C. amoena have a conspicuous red spot or group of small red spots or marks near the middle, whereas those of C. rubicunda have a red area at the base and are not spotted near the middle. The areas of distribution of the two species barely overlap in California just north of San Francisco Bay, and C. rubicunda could be considered a southern geographical race or subspecies of C. amoena were it not that their readily formed hybrids are sterile due to chromosomal rearrangement. Clarkia amoena is one of the parent species of the allotetraploid C. gracilis. Intermediates between subspecies are frequent. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Godetia | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Clarkia > sect. Rhodanthos > subsect. Primigenia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Oenothera purpurea, Godetia purpurea | Oenothera amoena, Godetia amoena | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (Curtis) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 65: 64. (1918) | (Lehmann) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 65: 62. (1918) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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