Flora of North America species comparison

1–several, spreading to erect, bushlike or forming low rounded mounds, gray-tomentose with appressed feltlike trichomes;

branches 0–several, inclined to ascending, stiff.

1–several, spreading to erect, (usually very leafy in distal 1/2), loosely arachnoid, and villous with jointed, multicellular trichomes;

branches 0–few from above middle, ascending.

blades elliptic to ovate, 10–25 cm, strongly undulate, usually broadly pinnatifid, lobes entire or coarsely few-toothed or -lobed, main spines abrupt, 1–4 mm, faces gray-white-tomentose with appressed feltlike, non-septate trichomes;

basal present or withered at flowering, winged-petiolate;

principal cauline well distributed, winged-petiolate to sessile, gradually reduced, bases clasping with expanded auricles;

distal reduced, spines to 8 mm.

linear to oblong or oblanceolate, 6–16 × 1–3.5 cm, unlobed to sinuate-dentate or shallowly pinnatifid, main spines 1–4 mm, fine, faces ± green, shaggy-villous with septate trichomes, abaxial loosely arachnoid when young;

basal and proximal cauline usually absent at time of flowering;

mid and distal nearly uniform in size or gradually reduced, bases clasping;

distalmost cauline ± bractlike.

0–7 cm.

0–2 cm.

hemispheric or campanulate, 3–4 × 4–6 cm, densely arachnoid.

ovoid or cylindric to campanulate, 2–4 × 1.5–4 cm, loosely arachnoid, ± glabrate.

white to pale yellow, 20–34 mm, tubes 11–15 mm, throats 5–8 mm, lobes 5–8 mm;

style tips 3–4 mm.

light purple, 33–40 mm, tubes 14–15 mm, throats 12–15 mm, lobes 7–9 mm;

style tips 4.5–6 mm.

in 8–10 series, imbricate, linear, abaxial faces without glutinous ridge;

outer and mid bases short- appressed, margins spiny-ciliate, apices long, spreading to erect, spines straight, 2–5 mm;

apices of inner flattened or spine-tipped, serrate to scabrid, sometimes pectinately fringed.

in 6–9 series, imbricate, lanceolate (outer) to linear (inner), abaxial faces with glutinous ridge, outer and middle tightly appressed, bodies scabrous or spinulose, spines erect or weakly ascending, 1–4 mm;

apices of inner phyllaries long-acuminate, spineless.

1–many, erect, terminal on branches in subcapitate to congested, corymbiform arrays, closely subtended by clustered, ± leafy bracts.

1–5, in corymbiform arrays.

light–brown to black, 5–7 mm, apical collars whitish, 0.2–0.3 mm;

pappi 15–25 mm.

light brown, 3.5–4 mm, apical collars yellowish, ca. 0.8 mm;

pappi 15–30 mm.

= 34.

= 30.