Cirsium quercetorum |
Cirsium praeteriens |
|
---|---|---|
Alameda County thistle, brownie or Alameda County thistle, brownie thistle |
lost or Palo Alto thistle, lost thistle, Palo Alto thistle |
|
Habit | Perennials, subacaulescent and forming compact, rounded mounds, 5–20 cm, or ± erect and to 70(–90) cm; runner roots producing adventitious buds. | Biennials or perennials, probably more than 100 cm; rootstock unknown. |
Stems | 1–10+, erect or ascending, glabrous to thinly gray-tomentose, sometimes villous with septate trichomes; branches 0 or few, ascending. |
stout, erect, loosely arachnoid with fine trichomes and villous with jointed trichomes; branching unknown. |
Leaves | blades elliptic to obovate, 5–20 × 3–7 cm, strongly undulate, shallowly to deeply pinnatifid with 3–8 pairs of lobes, lobes linear-lanceolate to broadly triangular, (often longer than 2 cm), closely spaced, spreading, spinose-dentate or lobed, main spines slender to stout, 2–15 mm, abaxial faces thinly to densely tomentose, ± villous with septate trichomes along veins, glabrescent or trichomes persistent, adaxial thinly arachnoid-tomentose and soon glabrescent; basal usually present at flowering, petiolate; principal cauline petiolate, progressively reduced distally, bases sometimes decurrent as spiny wings to 1 cm; distal reduced, similar to proximal. |
blades elliptic to oblanceolate, 15–30+ × 6–8+ cm, divided halfway or more to midveins, lobes linear-lanceolate, rigidly spreading, entire or trifid, acuminate, main spines stout, 5–15 mm, abaxial faces tomentose with fine, non-septate trichomes, villous along major veins with septate trichomes, adaxial glabrescent or sparsely tomentose, villous along veins; basal not observed; cauline well distributed, distally not much reduced, sessile, bases clasping, not decurrent. |
Peduncles | 0–10 cm, leafy-bracted. |
0–1 cm. |
Involucres | ovoid to hemispheric or broadly campanulate, 2.5–5 (in first-formed heads, often smaller in later heads) × 2.5–6 cm, loosely arachnoid on phyllary margins or glabrate. |
hemispheric to broadly campanulate, 3–4 × 4–5+ cm, arachnoid. |
Corollas | white or pale lavender to purple, 25–35 mm, tubes 10–20 mm, throats 7–10 mm, lobes 5–8 mm; style tips 2.5–4.5 mm. |
white, 30–33 mm, tubes 16 mm, throats 9–12 mm, lobes 5.5–9 mm; style tips 6 mm. |
Phyllaries | in 5–10 series, imbricate, ovate or lanceolate (outer) to linear-lanceolate (inner), margins of outer entire, abaxial faces without glutinous ridge; outer and mid appressed, spines erect or ascending, (0–)1–2(–10) mm; apices of mid and inner narrowed and scabrido-denticulate or with expanded, spinuloso-serrate or -dentate tips, spineless or spine-tipped. |
in 6–8 series, narrowly lanceolate to linear, outer subequal, rigidly spreading, spines 5–10 mm, inner ± imbricate, bodies appressed, glutinous ridge absent, apices spreading, margins spinulose or scabrid, apices of mid and inner flattened, spineless, scabrid. |
Heads | 1–few, erect, ± crowded, often closely subtended by distalmost leaves. |
1–5, terminal and in distal axils in spiciform arrays. |
Cypselae | brown, 5–6.5 mm, apical collars colored like body; pappi 20–40 mm. |
light brown, 6 mm, collars also light brown, ca. 0.75 mm; pappi 25–33 mm. |
2n | = 32. |
|
Cirsium quercetorum |
Cirsium praeteriens |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer (Apr–Aug). | Flowering summer (Jun–Jul). |
Habitat | Usually dry sites, coastal bluffs, grasslands, oak woodlands, coastal scrub | Habitat unknown |
Elevation | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
|
CA |
Discussion | Cirsium quercetorum occurs in the north and south Coast ranges of California from Mendocino to San Luis Obispo counties. It overlaps in range and habitat with several other thistle species and has been reported to hybridize with C. andrewsii, C. douglasii, C. occidentale, C. remotifolium var. odontolepis, and C. fontinale var. fontinale (F. Petrak 1917; J. T. Howell 1960b). Considerable variation occurs within the range of C. quercetorum, and two of the variants have been given taxonomic recognition as vars. walkerianum and xerolepis. Additional study over the range of the species is needed to determine whether these or other variants should be recognized formally. Cirsium quercetorum appears to be related to the polymorphic C. scariosum complex. The perennial habit with runner roots of C. quercetorum consistently distinguishes it from the monocarpic C. scariosum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Cirsium praeteriens is known only from Santa Clara County, where J. W. Congdon collected it in Palo Alto in 1897 and 1901. It is presumed extinct. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 160. | FNA vol. 19, p. 160. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cardueae > Cirsium | Asteraceae > tribe Cardueae > Cirsium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cnicus quercetorum, C. quercetorum var. walkerianum, C. quercetorum var. xerolepis, C. walkerianum | |
Name authority | (A. Gray) Jepson: Fl. W. Calif., 507. (1901) | J. F. Macbride: Contr. Gray Herb. 53: 19. (1918) |
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