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evening primrose

wing seed evening primrose, wingfruit suncup

Habit Herbs, annual, caulescent; from a taproot. Herbs sparsely to moderately spreading hirtellous, becoming glandular puberulent distally.
Stems

erect, branched.

slender, ascending, branching, 2–15 cm.

Leaves

cauline, alternate;

stipules absent;

petiolate;

blade margins entire.

0.3–3 × 0.1–0.6 cm;

petiole 0.2–0.7 cm;

blade sometimes with purple spots, narrowly lanceolate to oblanceolate.

Inflorescences

racemes, nodding at anthesis, erect in fruit.

Flowers

bisexual, actinomorphic, buds erect;

floral tube deciduous (with sepals, petals, and stamens) after anthesis, nectary unknown, presumably at base of tube;

sepals 4, reflexed singly or in pairs;

petals 4, white, yellow at base, fading purple;

stamens 8 in 2 subequal series, anthers basifixed, pollen shed singly;

ovary 4-locular, stigma subentire or slightly lobed, subcapitate, surface unknown, probably wet and non-papillate.

opening at sunrise;

floral tube 1–2 mm;

sepals often reddish green, 1.5–2.5 mm;

petals white with yellow area at base, broadly obovate, apex notched, 1.5–3 mm; episepalous staminal filaments 1–1.7 mm, epipetalous ones 0.5–1 mm, anthers 0.3–0.4 mm;

style 2.2–4 mm, stigma 1–1.5 mm diam., surrounded by anthers at anthesis.

Fruit

a capsule, straight or slightly curved, terete, loculicidally dehiscent;

pedicellate.

Capsules

ascending or spreading, 12–18 × 1.2–1.6 mm;

pedicel 4–8 mm.

Seeds

numerous, in 2 rows per locule, (appearing as 1 by crowding), with thick wing on concave side, wing and convex side covered with glassy, clavate hairs.

1–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm, broader at 1 end, ends truncate (where contacting next seed in row), clavate hairs longer at one end, shortest in middle.

xI> = 7.

2n

= 14.

Chylismiella

Chylismiella pterosperma

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Well-drained slopes, often of volcanic origin, with sagebrush and pinyon-juniper.
Elevation 700–2600 m. (2300–8500 ft.)
Distribution
w United States
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; NV; OR; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 1.

Chylismiella was formerly included as a section in Oenothera (P. A. Munz 1928; P. H. Raven 1962, 1964) or Camissonia (Raven 1969), and elevated to generic rank based on molecular analyses of the Onagreae. Chylismiella was placed by R. A. Levin et al. (2004) sister to Gayophytum rather than with other groups placed by Raven (1964, 1969) in Camissonia. Chylismiella plus Gayophytum together have a sister relationship to Clarkia in the Levin et al. analyses. Raven (1969), in noting that Chylismiella pterosperma (as Camissonia) is extremely distinctive and not closely allied to other groups in Camissonia, suggested the possibility of a close relationship between Chylismiella and Gayophytum due to the shared character of white petals with a yellow band near the base, but did not suggest a close relationship with Clarkia. Chylismiella is distinguished by seeds with thick, papillate wings. Reproductive features include: self-compatible and flowers diurnal, mainly autogamous (Raven 1962, 1969).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The range of Chylismiella pterosperma, an inconspicuous and uncommon plant, centers across Nevada and extends to southeast Oregon (Lake and Malheur counties), western Utah, northwest Arizona (Coconino and Mohave counties), eastern California (Inyo County), and southern Idaho (Butte County).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. Author: Warren L. Wagner. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Chylismiella
Subordinate taxa
C. pterosperma
Synonyms Oenothera section chylismiella, Camissonia section chylismiella Oenothera pterosperma, Camissonia pterosperma, Chylismia pterosperma, Sphaerostigma pterospermum
Name authority (Munz) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 115. (2007) (S. Watson) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 208. (2007)
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