Chylismia specicola
Onagraceae tribe Onagreae
with several divergent branches from base, 10–50 cm.
primarily in basal rosette and cauline, 3–20 × 0.7–2.5 cm;
petiole 0.5–4 cm;
blade pinnately or bipinnately lobed, terminal lobe ovate to elliptic, 0.4–2.5 × 0.3–1.5 cm, margins irregularly serrate, dark brown oil cells prominently lining veins abaxially.
alternate or basal;
stipules absent.
erect, elongating after anthesis.
opening at sunrise;
buds individually reflexed, with apical free tips less than 1 mm;
floral tube 1.5–2 mm, glabrous inside;
sepals 2–5 mm;
petals bright yellow, with red dots near base, fading pale lavender, 2–6 mm;
stamens unequal, filaments of antisepalous stamens 1.5–3 mm, those of antipetalous ones 1–2 mm, anthers 1.2–2 mm, glabrous;
style 4–7 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis.
usually actinomorphic, rarely slightly zygomorphic (in Oenothera), (3 or)4-merous;
stamens 2 times as many, or rarely as many, as sepals;
pollen usually shed in monads, rarely tetrads (Chylismia sect. Lignothera).
a dry capsule, usually dehiscent, sometimes indehiscent.
spreading to ascending, oblong-cylindrical, 8–20 mm;
pedicel 6–10 mm.
0.6–1 mm.
few to numerous, without hairs or wings, [very rarely with asymmetrical dry wing (Xylonagra)], or with dry (Oenothera), erose or smooth wing, or with thick, papillate wings (Chylismiella).
Chylismia specicola
Onagraceae tribe Onagreae
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).
P. H. Raven (1962, 1969) thought that this species is most likely self-compatible but primarily outcrossing.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Genera 13, species 265 (12 genera, 199 species in the flora).
Onagreae account for more than half the total genera in Onagraceae and diversified from a center in southwestern North America (L. Katinas et al. 2004). Delimitation of the tribe by W. L. Wagner et al. (2007) differs from previous ones by the exclusion of Gongylocarpus, now in its own tribe, by the segregation of eight genera (Camissoniopsis, Chylismia, Chylismiella, Eremothera, Eulobus, Neoholmgrenia, Taraxia, and Tetrapteron) from Camissonia, and by the inclusion of three previously separate genera (Calylophus, Gaura, and Stenosiphon) in Oenothera. Within the branch of the family that lacks stipules (Gongylocarpeae, Epilobieae, and Onagreae), the last two tribes form a clade that has very strong molecular support (R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004), but no obvious morphological synapomorphy. The clade may be defined by a cytogenetic change from the base chromosome number of x = 11 found in Circaeeae, Gongylocarpeae, and Lopezieae, to x = 18 in Epilobieae, and x = 7 in Onagreae; however, these changes could also have occurred independently. Other than the new chromosome number x = 7, the only apparent morphological synapomorphy for Onagreae alone is pollen with prominent apertural protrusions (J. Praglowski et al. 1987, 1989), a character state also found in Circaeeae (Praglowski et al. 1994). The monophyly of Onagreae has moderate (Levin et al. 2004) to strong support (V. S. Ford and L. D. Gottlieb 2007).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Leaf blades and styles glabrous; herbs ± woody at base. | subsp. specicola |
1. Leaf blades and styles villous, at least at base; herbs not woody. | subsp. hesperia |
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